摘要/Abstract
恶性肿瘤由于其易转移、复发等特点，已经严重危害到人类的生命健康.近年来，研究人员设计了大量纳米药物载体，将抗肿瘤药物安全有效地运载到肿瘤，有效地提高了药效并降低了毒副作用.金属有机框架材料（metal-organic frameworks，MOFs）是一类有序、多孔的晶态材料，具有比表面积大、结构可设计性强、易生物降解等独特优势，已经被广泛应用于气体吸附与分离、催化、药物传递、生物大分子固载以及肿瘤治疗等方面.目前，基于MOFs的生物医用研究主要集中在MOF材料的可控合成，表面修饰，基于MOF独特理化性质发展的多模式成像技术以及肿瘤靶向的药物运载技术等几个方面.主要介绍了基于MOFs构建的生物功能化材料在肿瘤治疗中的应用，并对其在生物医学领域的应用进行了展望.
关键词: 金属-有机框架材料, 生物功能化, 纳米药物载体, 药物运载, 肿瘤治疗
Malignant tumor is considered to be one of the most threatening diseases to human health because it is easy to metastasis and relapse, hard to cure with high mortality. Construction of anti-tumor drug delivery systems would effectively improve the therapeutic efficiency of traditional tumor therapy agents. However, the complicated tumor micro-environment as well as the individual diversity of tumor would lead to low efficiency or treatment failure. The conventional tumor treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, have been unable to satisfy the demand for tumor therapy owing to the severe side effect and low therapeutic efficiency. In recent years, researchers have designed a lot of multifunctional nano-drug carriers for efficient tumor therapy with reduced side effects. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of ordered porous crystal materials, have received significant research attention for their applications in gas adsorption and separation, catalysis, drug delivery, immobilized bio-macromolecules and tumor therapy. Due to tunable inorganic building blocks and organic linkers, MOFs can not only integrate drugs or photosensitizers into periodic arrays, but also possess large pore sizes and high surface areas for drug encapsulation. Currently, the biomedical research of MOFs mainly includes the preparation of multifunctional biocompatible nanomaterials through controllable synthesis and reasonable surface modification. MOFs based nanomaterials with desired physiological functions have been widely used for targeting tumor imaging and therapy by utilizing their unique physical and chemical properties. The recent progress on the bio-functionalization of MOFs, including new design strategies and application in tumor therapy is summarized. Particularly, the construction of MOF-based nanoplatforms for tumor therapy on the basis of biomedical polymer modified MOFs is also described in detail. The development trends of MOFs for biomedical application are also prospected. We believe that this work will offer a preliminary understanding to design MOF-based drug delivery systems and acquire the therapeutic strategies of MOF-based nano-medicine for future clinical biomedical applications.
Key words: metal-organic frameworks, bio-functionalization, nano-drug carrier, drug delivery, tumor therapy
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