摘要/Abstract

以8-氯茶碱和4-溴-1,1,2-三氟丁-1-烯为原料, 经由亲核取代、保护、脱保护、氧化等多步反应合成了一系列结构新颖的8-[(3,4,4-三氟丁-3-烯-1-基)硫基]取代的甲基黄嘌呤及其衍生物, 并通过熔点、¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、¹⁹F NMR和HRMS对新化合物进行了结构确认. 初步生物活性测试结果表明, 这些化合物大多具有较好的杀虫活性, 其中1,3,7-三甲基-8-[(3,4,4-三氟丁-3-烯-1-基)硫基]-3,7-二氢-1H-嘌呤-2,6-二酮(5a)、7-异丁基-1,3-二甲基-8-[(3,4,4-三氟丁-3-烯-1-基)硫基]-3,7-二氢-1H-嘌呤-2,6-二酮(5c)和7-异丁基-1,3-二甲基-8-[(3,4,4-三氟丁-3-烯-1-基)磺酰基]-3,7-二氢-1H-嘌呤- 2,6-二酮(5h)在200 mg?L^–1浓度下对东方粘虫(Mythimna separata Walker)具有70%的致死率; 5a、5c和1,3,7-三甲基- 8-[(3,4,4-三氟丁-3-烯-1-基)磺酰基]-3,7-二氢-1H-嘌呤-2,6-二酮(5f)在10 mg?L^–1浓度下对小菜蛾(Plutella xylostellaL.)分别具有72%、80%和65%的致死率. 部分化合物在50 mg?L^–1浓度下也表现出一定的抑菌活性, 其中7-环丙基甲基-1,3-二甲基-8-[(3,4,4-三氟丁-3-烯-1-基)硫基]-3,7-二氢-1H-嘌呤-2,6-二酮(5b)对辣椒疫霉病菌(Phytophthora capsici)和黄瓜灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)分别具有66.7%和61.1%的抑制率, 5c对黄瓜灰霉病菌具有55.6%的抑制率. 该类化合物为新型杀虫剂的研究和开发提供了新的先导结构.
关键词: 8-取代甲基黄嘌呤衍生物, 合成, 杀虫活性, 抑菌活性, 构效关系
Using 8-chlorotheophylline and 4-bromo-1,1,2-trifluorobut-1-ene as materials, a series of novel 8-((3,4,4-tri- fluorobut-3-en-1-yl)thio)-substituted methylxanthines and their derivatives were successfully synthesized through nucleophilic substitution, protection, deprotection, and oxidation. The structures of the title compounds were confirmed and characterized by melting point, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, ¹⁹F NMR and HRMS. Their preliminary bioassay results showed that most of the compounds in this series have good insecticidal activity. Among them, 1,3,7-trimethyl-8-((3,4,4-trifluorobut-3-en-1-yl)thio)- 3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione (5a), 7-isobutyl-1,3-dimethyl-8-((3,4,4-trifluorobut-3-en-1-yl)thio)-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine- 2,6-dione (5c) and 7-isobutyl-1,3-dimethyl-8-((3,4,4-trifluorobut-3-en-1-yl)sulfonyl)-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione (5h) had 70% lethality rate against Mythimna separata Walker at a concentration of 200 mg?L^–1. 5a, 5c and 1,3,7-trimethyl- 8-((3,4,4-trifluorobut-3-en-1-yl)sulfonyl)-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione (5f) exhibited lethality rates of 72%, 80% and 65% against Plutella xylostellaL. at a concentration of 10 mg?L^–1, respectively. Some of the compounds also showed certain fungicidal activity at 50 mg?L^–1, among which 7-(cyclopropylmethyl)-1,3-dimethyl-8-((3,4,4-trifluorobut-3-en-1-yl)thio)-3,7- dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione (5b) possessed inhibition rates of 66.7% and 61.1% against Phytophthora capsici and Botrytis cinerea, respectively. 5c held a 55.6% inhibition rate towards Botrytis cinerea. This type of compounds provides new lead structures for the further research and development of novel insecticides.
Key words: 8-substituted methylxanthine derivative, synthesis, insecticidal activity, fungicidal activity, structure-activity relationship


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