摘要/Abstract

苯并五元、六元氮杂环化合物具有刚性平面和大共轭结构, 能在多种有机溶剂、混合溶液中发出特征荧光, 且结构中的N、O、S杂原子可作为荧光探针的结合位点. 因此, 近年来苯并氮杂环化合物成为荧光探针领域研究焦点之一. 从所用原料、合成方式、分子结构、作用机理等角度, 重点介绍了苯并噁唑、苯并噻唑、苯并咪唑、吲哚及咔唑等苯并五元氮杂环, 喹啉、苯并吡嗪、吩嗪等苯并六元氮杂环, 以及两者共同构建的苯并多元氮杂环荧光探针的设计、合成, 并综述了它们对小分子、金属阳离子、阴离子、pH等多种分析物的检测应用.
关键词: 苯并五元氮杂环, 苯并六元氮杂环, 荧光探针, 设计与合成, 识别机理, 检测应用, 多功能化
Benzo five-/six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound with a rigid plane and a large conjugate structure can emit characteristic fluorescence in a variety of organic solvents and mixed solutions, and N, O, S heteroatoms in the structure can serve as binding sites for fluorescent probes. Therefore, in recent years, benzo nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are increasingly becoming one of the research focuses in the field of fluorescent probes. From the perspective of starting materials, synthesis methods, molecular structure, interaction mechanism, benzo five- / six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic fluorescent probes containing the structure of benzoxazole, benzothiazole, benzimidazole, indole, carbazole, quinoline, benzopyrazine and phenazine are introduced with emphasis. And their detection application for a variety of analytes, such small molecules, metal cations, anions and pH are reviewed. In the future, it is worthy of further attention to the research on the integration of multiple heterocyclic functional structures into a multifunctional fluorescent probe by simple and green synthesis.
Key words: benzo five-membered nitrogen heterocycle, benzo six-membered nitrogen heterocycle, fluorescent probe, design and synthesis, recognition mechanism, detection application, multifunctionalization


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