摘要/Abstract

能源紧缺和环境污染已成为世界所面临的重大难题，开发绿色能源、寻找化石燃料的替代品迫在眉睫.甲醇由于其含氢密度高、结构简单、环境友好等优点成为未来储氢的理想载体.降低甲醇脱氢反应温度，提高反应选择性，研发均相甲醇脱氢催化剂一直受到国内外的广泛关注.本文围绕甲醇热脱氢和甲醇水相重整，总结了近年来报道的过渡金属均相催化剂反应体系，重点介绍了钌、铑、铱、铁、锰基络合物的结构特点、催化甲醇脱氢条件、反应产率以及催化机理，分析比较了催化剂在使用过程中的活性差异，并对进一步提高水相重整催化剂性能做了展望.
关键词: 甲醇, C-H键活化, 脱氢反应, 均相催化剂, 钌
It is extremely urgent to develop green energy and find alternatives to fossil fuels since the energy shortage and environmental pollution become the worldwide concern. Methanol has emerged as a promising carrier for hydrogen storage owing to its high hydrogen density, simple structure and environmental friendly substance. The methanol reforming has triggered great efforts on the development of homogeneous catalysts, and the aim is to decrease methanol dehydrogenation reaction temperature and improve the selectivity. This review summarizes the recent research progresses in the homogeneously transition-metal catalyzed thermal dehydrogenation of methanol and aqueous methanol reforming. It mainly focuses on the structural characteristics of Ru, Rh, Ir, Fe and Mn-based complexes, catalytic reaction conditions, the reaction yield, and the catalytic reaction mechanism. The differences in the reactivities of these catalysts are analyzed and compared. Not only a summary is given, but also some perspectives and inspiration for improving the performance of aqueous methanol reforming catalysts for future research are discussed.
Key words: methanol, C-H activation, dehydrogenation, homogeneous catalyst, Ru


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