摘要/Abstract

锗杂共轭体系在有机光电材料领域有着广阔的应用前景.锗杂芳香化合物作为一类重要的锗杂共轭体系，同时还是碳基芳香化合物的重元素类似物，近年来引起了科学家们的极大兴趣并得以迅速发展.将锗杂芳香化合物按其所带电荷种类的不同分为电中性型、负电型及正电型三类，对其合成方法及化学反应性进行了归纳总结，着重对各化合物的芳香性判定的依据进行介绍.锗杂芳香化合物与碳基芳香化合物的结构特性与磁性质类似，但是二者的反应性却有较大的差别.对锗杂芳香化合物的总结不仅有利于新结构、新反应的开发，同时还有利于对"芳香性"这一概念的更深入的认识.
关键词: 锗元素, 芳香性, 主族元素化学
Germanium-containing conjugated compounds are regarded as powerful candidates for the development of optoelectronic material. As a subclass of germanium-containing conjugated compounds and a crucial type of the heavy analogues of aromatic compounds, germanium-containing aromatic hydrocarbons (Ge-AHs) have attracted much attention and developed rapidly in recent days. According to the charge of the Ge-AHs, these species were categorized into three subclasses:neutral, anionic and cationic species. Herein, the synthetic methodology together with the reactivity of these reported Ge-AHs is summarized and the parameters used for the evaluation of the aromaticity of these compounds is highlighted. Ge-AHs and aromatic hydrocarbons share similar structural and magnetic properties. However, their major reactivity is quite different. This review will not only inspire the discovery of new structures and reactivities of Ge-Ahs, but also help to form a deeper understanding of the concept of aromaticy.
Key words: germanium, aromaticity, main group chemistry


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