摘要:秸秆热解气化工程是一项高质消纳秸秆资源的生态生产工程，工程项目将秸秆资源转换产出"气、炭、油、液"，实现了秸秆资源的生态价值，对我国农业领域落实国家节能减排任务具有重要实践意义。准确估算秸秆热解气化工程的生态价值量，提供系统全面的定量评价指标体系与计算方法，是有效推动农业绿色发展的重要科学依据。本研究基于生态价值理论中的二分法理论，对秸秆热解气化工程生态价值量的构成进行分析，得出秸秆热解气化利用项目主要产生的生态效益资产由减排效益资产与废弃资源商品化资产共同构成。据此，建立了秸秆热解气化工程生态价值量估算总公式，即：秸秆热解气化工程生态价值量（VPE）=秸秆热解气化工程减排效益货币价值（VEB）+秸秆资源产品经济价值（VRC）。在计算过程中，选取生命周期分析（LCA）法计量秸秆热解气化工程项目的净减排量，并借助二氧化碳影子价格将净减排量进行货币化，得到工程减排效益资产（VEB）；而后，计算出通过生态生产项目实现的秸秆资源产品经济价值（VRC）；最终，将VEB与VRC加总，得到秸秆热解气化工程生态价值量（VPE）。本研究在方法构建的同时，采用文献调研法对各个计算环节所需参数的选取进行了分析与对比，提供了计算过程所需的参数体系。本研究在方法研究与参数研究一体化研究过程中，力图在以下3个方面取得实质性的突破和创新：一是不仅局限于从减排效益视角进行分析与研究，系统全面构建秸秆热解气化工程项目生态价值量估算模型。二是明确将项目生态"潜在价值"合理转化为市场"真实价值"，以货币价值形式对秸秆热解气化项目生态效益进行计价衡量。三是本研究在终端能源产品替代减排量估算研究过程中，考量了不同技术工艺水平和产品的能源转换率对温室气体排放的影响。
关键词:秸秆/
热解气化工程/
能源替代/
生态价值量/
估算方法/
参数体系
Abstract:The straw pyrolysis project is an ecological production project designed to convert high quality agricultural straw waste into gas, carbon, oil, and liquid. It has an important practical significance for conserving national energy and reducing emissions in the China's agricultural fields. It has been an important scientific basis to accurately estimate the ecological value of the straw pyrolysis project and provides a systematic and comprehensive quantitative evaluation index system and calculation method to effectively promote green development in agriculture. This paper analyzed the ecological value composition of straw pyrolysis engineering based on the dichotomy theory of ecological value theory. It was concluded that the main ecological beneficial assets generated by the project of straw pyrolysis project were emission reduction and waste resource commercialization. The general formula for estimating the ecological value of straw pyrolysis project established was the ecological value of straw pyrolysis and the gasification project (VPE)=the monetary value of straw pyrolysis project emission reduction (VEB) + the economic value of straw resource products (VRC). In the calculation process, the life cycle analysis (LCA) method was selected to measure the net emission reduction of the straw pyrolysis project, and then the net emission reduction was valued with the help of carbon dioxide shadow prices to obtain the project's emission reduction (VEB). Furthermore, the economic value of straw resource products achieved by the ecological production project (VRC) was calculated. Finally, VEB and VRC were included to obtain the ecological value of straw pyrolysis and gasification engineering (VPE). The method was designed using the literature research method to analyze the parameter selection required by each calculation link, and the parameter system required for the calculation process was provided. This study attempted to achieve substantial breakthroughs and innovations during the integration of both method and parameter research in the following three aspects:firstly, the ecological value estimation model of straw pyrolysis project was constructed; not limited to analysis and research from the emission reduction benefits perspective, with a more systematic and comprehensive ecological value estimation method and its required parameter system was established. Secondly, the potential value of the project should be reasonably converted into the "real market value"; in this study, the ecological benefits of the straw pyrolysis project were monetarily priced and measured. Thirdly, this study considered the impact of different technological levels and product energy conversion rates on greenhouse gas emissions during the process of estimating the displacement reduction of end-use energy products. Throughout the study, the general idea of "scientific modelling, reasonable pricing, and accurate estimation" was followed to provide a reliable foundation and support the decision to formulate the national energy saving and emission reduction plans.
Key words:Straw/
Pyrolysis engineering/
Energy substitution/
Ecological value/
Estimation method/
Parameter system
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