摘要:生态空间和生态用地是构成国土空间的重要组成部分，是跨地理学、景观生态学、应用生态学等的交叉研究领域，但当前国内对于两者的认识存在较大争议，在相关研究和使用中存在混淆或错误的情况。本文基于国内相关文献的全面分析，界定了生态空间和生态用地的概念，辨析了两者之间的逻辑关系，并分别总结了国内生态空间和生态用地研究进展和局限。目前，国内生态空间和生态用地的内涵认识还不统一、识别方法和分类体系还不够完善；在研究区域上，均是重点关注城市地区；在研究方法上，均注重空间分析和优化模型的使用，缺少心理感知与社会调查等多方法的应用。本文基于当前研究局限，结合新时代生态文明建设和乡村振兴战略实施要求，提出应加强乡村地区生态空间和生态用地相关研究内容。建立以可持续发展和人类福祉需求为核心，具有区域差别化的生态空间和生态用地识别方法、分类体系、评价体系和保护利用机制等应成为研究重点。
关键词:生态空间/
生态用地/
概念辨析/
城市地区/
乡村地区
Abstract:Ecological space and ecological land are important components of land space and are interdisciplinary research topics in the domains of geography, landscape ecology, and applied ecology. However, in China, there is considerable controversy regarding the connotations of these two components, and there is both confusion and error in the relevant researches and its applications. Based on analysis of domestic literatures concerning ecological space and ecological land, this paper defined both concepts, studied their logical relationship, and examined the research progresses and limitations of the two concepts. Currently, domestic researches on ecological space and ecological land suffered from the following problems:understanding of the connotations of the concepts was still not unified, the identification methods and classification systems were still not perfect, and the research focused on urban areas. The research method focused on the use of spatial analysis and optimization models, and the application of multiple methods, such as psychological perception and social investigation, was lacking. In the new era, along with the new requirements for ecological civilization construction and a rural revitalization strategy, this paper proposed that future studies should focus on rural ecological space and ecological land. Researchers should concentrate on establishing an identification method, a classification system, an evaluation system, and a protection and utilization mechanism governed by the demands of science of sustainability and with human well-being at its core.
Key words:Ecological space/
Ecological land/
Concept discrimination/
Urban areas/
Rural areas
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