摘要:籽粒蛋白质积累过程的准确模拟对黄土丘陵区旱地小麦优质生产的有效调控有重要意义。利用甘肃省定西市安定区凤翔镇安家沟村2016-2017年大田试验数据及定西市安定区1971-2017年气象资料，建立基于APSIM（agricultural production systems simulator）的旱地小麦籽粒蛋白质含量模型，采用相关性分析方法检验，并定量分析了耕作方式（传统耕作、传统耕作+秸秆覆盖、免耕及免耕+秸秆覆盖）和播期（正常播期、早播、晚播）对小麦籽粒蛋白质含量的影响。结果表明：3个播期处理和4种耕作方式下，产量和籽粒蛋白质含量模拟值和观测值之间的均方根误差（RMSE）分别为66.4~121.9 kg·hm-2和0.2%~1.1%；归一化均方根误差（NRMSE）分别为1.23%~9.66%和1.31%~9.94%，模型模拟精度较高。播期对旱地小麦籽粒蛋白质含量的影响显著，正常播期的蛋白质含量最高，晚播明显降低了蛋白质含量。4种耕作方式的小麦产量与籽粒蛋白质含量均呈开口向下的二次曲线关系，随着蛋白质含量的升高，产量呈先增加后减少的态势，经过秸秆覆盖的耕作方式（传统耕作+秸秆覆盖和免耕+秸秆覆盖）比不覆盖的耕作方式（传统耕作和免耕）更利于小麦籽粒蛋白质含量的提高。
关键词:小麦/
籽粒蛋白质含量/
耕作方式/
播期/
APSIM/
精度检验
Abstract:Accurate simulation of grain protein accumulation is of considerable importance for the effective regulation of high-quality wheat production on drylands in hilly loess regions. Using field experimental data of Anjiagou Village, Fengxiang Town, Anding District, and Dingxi City from 2016 to 2017 and meteorological data of Anding District and Dingxi City from 1971 to 2017, a dryland wheat grain protein content model was established using the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) and tested using correlation analysis. Quantitative analysis was conducted on the effect of different tillage methods and sowing dates on wheat grain protein content. Four tillage methods were used:conventional tillage (T), conventional tillage with straw cover (TS), no tillage (NT), and no tillage with straw cover (NTS). Further, three sowing dates were set:early sowing date (ESW), normal sowing date (NSW), and late sowing date (LSW). The findings revealed that under the tested tillage methods and sowing dates, the root mean square errors between the simulated and measured yield and grain protein content were 66.4-121.9 kg·hm-2 and 0.2%-1.1%, respectively, and the normalized root mean square errors were 1.23%-9.66% and 1.31%-9.94%, respectively. These results indicate a satisfactory precision. Sowing date had a significant effect on the wheat grain protein content for drylands. The highest grain protein content was found with NSW, but the content decreased significantly with LSW. The relationship between wheat yield and grain protein content for the four tillage methods showed a quadratic curve in an open downward direction. As the grain protein content increased, the yield first increased and then decreased. TS and NTS (straw cover) were more conducive to the increase in the wheat grain protein content than T and NT (no straw cover).
Key words:Wheat/
Grain protein content/
Tillage method/
Sowing date/
APSIM (agricultural production systems simulator)/
Accuracy test
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