2.上海市环境工程设计科学研究院有限公司,上海 200000
1.School of Environmental Science and engineering of Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
2.Shanghai Environmental Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200000, China
为解决餐厨垃圾资源化厌氧消化沼渣(Biogas residue, BR)和生化机出料(Composting products from biochemical machine, CPBM)等餐厨垃圾资源化衍生品未得到有效利用的问题,采用条垛式露天堆肥技术,开展了5 t规模的堆肥中试实验。将2种原料与菌菇渣1∶1混合,每3 d进行1次翻堆,每隔3 d取样1次,对堆体温度、含水率、pH、有机质含量、重金属含量等指标进行了检测。结果表明,经过30 d堆肥后,BR与CPBM堆肥体系含水率与有机质均有下降;在堆肥过程中,CPBM体系种子发芽率呈先下降后上升趋势,最终种子发芽指数增加了184.7%;而BR体系的种子发芽率则稳定在60%~85%,种子发芽指数(Germination index, GI)大于50%,达到基本无毒性要求。相关性分析表明,腐殖化指数与堆肥时间不具有显著相关性(
>0.05),这说明单一腐殖化指数不能反映出餐厨垃圾资源化衍生品的堆肥腐熟度。经过50 d的堆肥,CPBM堆肥产品各指标均达到《有机肥料(NY 525-2012)》标准要求,可作为有机肥料使用;而BR体系由于堆肥初期含水率较高,导致最终产品含水率高于30%,但可通过含水率调节和延长堆肥时间以满足标准要求。本研究结果可为餐厨垃圾及其衍生物的工程化好氧堆肥提供参考。
Food waste derivatives, mainly includes biogas residue (BR) and composting products from biochemical machine (CPBM), are not been utilized effectively. In this study, the organic fertilizer produced from BR and CPBM was investigated based on the strip pile composting system with the scale of 5 t. Wherein, two kinds of raw material were mixed with mushroom residue with the ratio of 1∶1. The composting system was turned every three days, and the samples were taken every four days. The temperature, moisture content, pH, organic matter content and heavy metal content of compost product were detected for the performance evaluation. Results shows that both of the BR and CPBM composting systems have a decrease of moisture and organic matter. What’s more, the germination rate of CPBM system decreases first and then increases, and the germination index (GI) increases by 184.7% after composting. Different from CPBM system, the germination rate of BR system is stable between 60% and 85%, and the GI is over 50%, reaching the requirement of no toxicity. The correlation analysis shows that the humification index has no significant correlation with composting time (
>0.05), indicating that the single humification index cannot reflect the maturity of the products. After the composting time of 50 days, the indexes of CPBM composting product meet the standard of organic fertilizer (NY 525-2012), and can be used as organic fertilizer. However, the BR composting product can meet the standard on the basis of water content regulation and the composting time extension. All the results can provide a reference for the engineering composting of food waste and its derivatives.
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Strip pile pilot test of food waste resource derivatives composting
Variation of temperature and moisture content of BR and CPBM composting system
Variation of pH value and organic matter content of BR and CPBM composting system
Variation of humification index of BR and CPBM composting system
BR和CPBM堆体种子发芽率及发芽指数变化
Variation of seeds germination rate and germination index of BR and CPBM composting system
Characteristics variation of food waste derivative before and after composting and its comparison with organic fertilizer standards
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