Pilot-scale study on enzymatic-thermo-alkaline joint hydrolysis based on sludge protein dissolution
ZHANG Ke1,2,3,, ZHOU Yu1,2,3, LI Xiufen1,2,3,,, REN Yueping1,2,3 1.School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China 2.Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi 214122, China 3.Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, China
Abstract:In order to explore the possibility of industrial utilization of the enzymatic-thermo-alkali joint hydrolysis process of excess sludge to produce protein, a pilot-scale hydrolysis system of 1 m3·d?1 excess sludge (moisture content 80%) was established. The optimal conditions of the pilot-scale enzymatic-thermo-alkali joint hydrolysis were achieved by optimizing key technological factors, such as enzymatic hydrolysis time, compound enzyme dosage and alkali hydrolysis temperature, etc. Then, the rate-limiting step of the joint hydrolysis process was determined by studying the kinetics of enzymatic and alkali hydrolysis. The results showed that during the pilot-scale hydrolysis process of 1 m3 excess sludge (80% water content) per day, the best protein dissolution effect was achieved and the protein concentration in supernatant was 2 160 mg·L?1 at enzymatic hydrolysis time of 1.5 h, compound enzyme dosage of 1%, sludge concentration of 30 g·L?1, alkali hydrolysis time of 1.5 h and alkali hydrolysis temperature of 80 ℃. The sludge enzymatic process followed Michaelis equation with hydrolysis rate of 0.709 mg·(L·min)?1, and the thermo-alkali hydrolysis process followed zero order dynamic equation with hydrolysis rate of 11.046 mg·(L·min)?1. The rate-limiting step of the joint hydrolysis process was enzymatic hydrolysis compared to the thermo-alkali hydrolysis. The research results can provide necessary technological parameters for the industrial application of the sludge joint hydrolysis process to produce protein. Key words:sludge hydrolysis/ protein recovery/ enzymatic-thermo-alkali joint hydrolysis/ dynamic.
图1污泥水解装置示意图及实物图 Figure1.Schematic and field diagram of sludge hydrolysis equipment
SUAREZ-IGLESIAS O, LUIS JOSE U, OULEGO P, et al. Valuable compounds from sewage sludge by thermal hydrolysis and wet oxidation: A review[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 584-585: 921-934. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.140
[4]
FENG L Y, LUO J Y, CHEN Y G. Dilemma of sewage sludge treatment and disposal in China[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2015, 49(8): 4781-4782.
[5]
GARCIA M, URREA J L, COLLADO S, et al. Protein recovery from solubilized sludge by hydrothermal treatments[J]. Waste Management, 2017, 67: 278-287. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.05.051
[6]
HWANG J, ZHANG L, SEO S, et al. Protein recovery from excess sludge for its use as animal feed[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2008, 99(18): 8949-8954. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.05.001
[7]
NEYENS E, BAEYENS J. A review of thermal sludge pre-treatment processes to improve dewaterability[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2003, 98(1/2/3): 51-67.
[8]
XIAO K K, CHEN Y, JIANG X, et al. Comparison of different treatment methods for protein solubilisation from waste activated sludge[J]. Water Research, 2017, 122: 492-502. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.024
ASSAWAMONGKHOLSIRI T, REUNGSANG A, PATTRA S. Effect of acid, heat and combined acid-heat pretreatments of anaerobic sludge on hydrogen production by anaerobic mixed cultures[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013, 38(14): 6146-6153. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.12.138
[12]
CHO H U, PARK S K, HA J H, et al. An innovative sewage sludge reduction by using a combined mesophilic anaerobic and thermophilic aerobic process with thermal-alkaline treatment and sludge recirculation[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2013, 129: 274-282.
[13]
LIU X L, LIU H, CHEN J H, et al. Enhancement of solubilization and acidification of waste activated sludge by pretreatment[J]. Waste Management, 2008, 28(12): 2614-2622. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.02.001
[14]
SAHINKAYA S. Disintegration of municipal waste activated sludge by simultaneous combination of acid and ultrasonic pretreatment[J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2015, 93: 201-205. doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2014.04.002
YU S Y, ZHANG G M, LI J Z, et al. Effect of endogenous hydrolytic enzymes pretreatment on the anaerobic digestion of sludge[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 146: 758-761. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.07.087
[20]
马欣. 生物酶法提取剩余污泥蛋白质的研究[D]. 天津: 天津理工大学, 2016.
[21]
SHANABLEH A, JOMAA S. Production and transformation of volatile fatty acids from sludge subjected to hydrothermal treatment[J]. Water Science & Technology, 2001, 44(10): 129-135.
[22]
JI R, BRUNE A. Digestion of peptidic residues in humic substances by an alkali-stable and humic-acid-tolerant proteolytic activity in the gut of soil-feeding termites[J]. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2005, 37(9): 1648-1655.
KUMAR A, MAITY H, DUA A. Parallel versus off-pathway Michaelis-Menten mechanism for single-enzyme kinetics of a fluctuating enzyme[J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2015, 119(27): 8490-8500. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03752
[26]
胡英, 吕瑞东, 刘国杰, 等. 物理化学[M]. 5版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2007.
[27]
MENDONCA A F, AMOROSO T L, KNABEL S J. Destruction of gram-negative food-borne pathogens by high pH involves disruption of the cytoplasmic membrane[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1994, 60(11): 4009-4014. doi: 10.1128/AEM.60.11.4009-4014.1994
[28]
FAN S S, TANG J, WANG Y, et al. Biochar prepared from co-pyrolysis of municipal sewage sludge and tea waste for the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solutions: Kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamic and mechanism[J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2016, 220: 432-441. doi: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.04.107
[29]
BI W, LI Y Y, HU Y Y. Recovery of phosphorus and nitrogen from alkaline hydrolysis supernatant of excess sludge by magnesium ammonium phosphate[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 166: 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.092
[30]
翟世民. 热碱预处理污泥的分质资源化研究[D]. 青岛: 青岛大学, 2017.
[31]
HANER A, MASON C A, HAMER G. Death and lysis during aerobic thermophilic sludge treatment: Characterization of recalcitrant products[J]. Water Research, 1994, 28(4): 863-869. doi: 10.1016/0043-1354(94)90092-2
[32]
何玉凤. 热碱处理促进剩余污泥水解的试验研究[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2007.
[33]
岳秋彩. 热预处理辅助酶催化水解提取污泥蛋白质研究[D]. 郑州: 郑州大学, 2018.
[34]
CHEN Z, ZHANG W J, WANG D S, et al. Enhancement of activated sludge dewatering performance by combined composite enzymatic lysis and chemical re-flocculation with inorganic coagulants: Kinetics of enzymatic reaction and re-flocculation morphology[J]. Water Research, 2015, 83: 367-376. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.06.026
1.School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China 2.Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi 214122, China 3.Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, China Received Date: 2019-11-04 Accepted Date: 2020-03-31 Available Online: 2020-08-12 Keywords:sludge hydrolysis/ protein recovery/ enzymatic-thermo-alkali joint hydrolysis/ dynamic Abstract:In order to explore the possibility of industrial utilization of the enzymatic-thermo-alkali joint hydrolysis process of excess sludge to produce protein, a pilot-scale hydrolysis system of 1 m3·d?1 excess sludge (moisture content 80%) was established. The optimal conditions of the pilot-scale enzymatic-thermo-alkali joint hydrolysis were achieved by optimizing key technological factors, such as enzymatic hydrolysis time, compound enzyme dosage and alkali hydrolysis temperature, etc. Then, the rate-limiting step of the joint hydrolysis process was determined by studying the kinetics of enzymatic and alkali hydrolysis. The results showed that during the pilot-scale hydrolysis process of 1 m3 excess sludge (80% water content) per day, the best protein dissolution effect was achieved and the protein concentration in supernatant was 2 160 mg·L?1 at enzymatic hydrolysis time of 1.5 h, compound enzyme dosage of 1%, sludge concentration of 30 g·L?1, alkali hydrolysis time of 1.5 h and alkali hydrolysis temperature of 80 ℃. The sludge enzymatic process followed Michaelis equation with hydrolysis rate of 0.709 mg·(L·min)?1, and the thermo-alkali hydrolysis process followed zero order dynamic equation with hydrolysis rate of 11.046 mg·(L·min)?1. The rate-limiting step of the joint hydrolysis process was enzymatic hydrolysis compared to the thermo-alkali hydrolysis. The research results can provide necessary technological parameters for the industrial application of the sludge joint hydrolysis process to produce protein.