付小琴1,2,
代超1
1.延安大学化学与化工学院,延安 716000
2.延安职业技术学院石油和化学工程系,延安 716000
作者简介: 刘晓红(1972—),女,博士,教授。研究方向:污染控制化学。E-mail:xiaohliu29@126.com.
通讯作者: 刘晓红,xiaohliu29@126.com ;
中图分类号: X712
Preparation of magnetic carbonaceous solid acid catalyst from biomass and its catalytic activity in esterification
LIU Xiaohong1,,,FU Xiaoqin1,2,
DAI Chao1
1.School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yan′an University, Yan′an 716000, China
2.Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Yan′an Vocational and Technical College, Yan′an 716000, China
Corresponding author: LIU Xiaohong,xiaohliu29@126.com ;
CLC number: X712
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摘要:为了寻找一种以生物质为原料,能够温和地合成磁性碳基固体酸催化剂的路径,以生物质柚子果皮为原料合成磁性固体酸催化剂,并将其用于催化油酸和乙醇的酯化反应中。结果表明:MPC-0.4-SO3H和MPC-0.8-SO3H在反应温度为80 ℃、催化剂用量为油酸质量的7%、油醇比为1∶20、反应时间为8 h时,酯化率可达到68.0%和68.8%,高于商用催化剂Amberlyst-15的酯化率;2种催化剂耐水性好,稳定性高,重复使用3次和4次时,酯化率仍高于或接近Amberlyst-15。通过分析可知,2种固体酸活化能较低,与Amberlyst-15相比,其催化反应的速率常数更大,在生物柴油的合成中具有较好的应用前景。
关键词: 生物质碳基固体酸催化剂/
酯化反应/
催化活性
Abstract:In order to find a way for mildly synthesizing magnetic carbonaceous solid acid catalyst from biomass, pomelo peel was used to prepare a new magnetic carbonaceous solid acid catalyst for catalytic esterification reaction of oleic acid and ethanol, which was selected as model for producing biodiesel. The structure characteristics for the prepared catalysts were identified by FT-IR, XRD and TGA. The results showed that when the reaction temperature was 80 ℃, the catalyst mass was 7% of oleic acid, the ratio of oil to alcohol was 1∶20 and reaction duration was 8 h, the esterification rates of MPC-0.4-SO3H and MPC-0.8-SO3H reached 68.0% and 68.8%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the commercial amberlyst-15. Both catalysts had good water resistance and high stability, the esterification rates of three or four times-reused catalysts were still higher than or close to the value of amberlyst-15. The activation energies of both solid acids were low. From the analysis, it is known that the two catalysts have good water resistance and high stability, compared with amberlyst-15, the rate constants of MPC-0.4-SO3H and MPC-0.8-SO3H were higher in catalytic reactions, and which presents good application prospects in biodiesel synthesis.
Key words:biomass-carbonaceous solid acid catalyst/
esterification/
catalytic activity.
图1MPC-x-SO3H系列固体酸的催化活性比较
Figure1.Comparison of catalytic activities among serial MPC-x-SO3H solids acids
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图2MPCs-0.4-SO3H和MPCs-0.8-SO3H的红外光图谱
Figure2.FT-IR spectra of MPCs-0.4-SO3H and MPCs-0.8-SO3H
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图3MPCs-0.4-SO3H和MPCs-0.8-SO3H的XRD图谱
Figure3.XRD patterns of MPCs-0.4-SO3H and MPCs-0.8-SO3H
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图4MPCs-0.4-SO3H和MPCs-0.8-SO3H的热重曲线
Figure4.TGA curves of MPCs-0.4-SO3H and MPCs-0.8-SO3H
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图5MPC-0.4-SO3H和MPC-0.8-SO3H的催化活性比较
Figure5.Comparison of catalytic activity of MPC-0.4-SO3H and MPC-0.8-SO3H
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图6MPC-0.4-SO3H和MPC-0.8-SO3H催化酯化反应的阿累尼乌斯曲线
Figure6.Arrhenius curves in esterification of MPC-0.4-SO3H and MPC-0.8-SO3H
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图7MPC-0.4-SO3H和MPC-0.8-SO3H的耐水性曲线
Figure7.Water resistance curves of MPC-0.4-SO3Hand MPC-0.8-SO3H
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图8MPC-0.4-SO3H和MPC-0.8-SO3H的可重复性分析
Figure8.Repeatability analysis of MPC-0.4-SO3H andMPC-0.8-SO3H
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
表13种固体酸酯化油酸与乙醇的催化活性
Table1.Catalytic activity of three solid acid catalysts for esterification of oleic acid with ethanol
催化剂 | 酸位点密度1)/ (mmol·g?1) | 起始速率2)/ (10?2 mmol·(g·min)?1) | 转化率/ % | RTOF/ (10?3 min?1) |
MPC-0.4-SO3H | 1.602 | 0.121 | 68.0 | 45.30 |
MPC-0.8-SO3H | 1.584 | 0.123 | 68.8 | 45.83 |
注:1) 酸碱滴定计算所得;2)反应条件:80 ℃,0.125 1 g催化剂酯化2 mL油酸与11 mL乙醇,反应8 h。 |
催化剂 | 酸位点密度1)/ (mmol·g?1) | 起始速率2)/ (10?2 mmol·(g·min)?1) | 转化率/ % | RTOF/ (10?3 min?1) |
MPC-0.4-SO3H | 1.602 | 0.121 | 68.0 | 45.30 |
MPC-0.8-SO3H | 1.584 | 0.123 | 68.8 | 45.83 |
注:1) 酸碱滴定计算所得;2)反应条件:80 ℃,0.125 1 g催化剂酯化2 mL油酸与11 mL乙醇,反应8 h。 |
下载: 导出CSV
表2油酸与乙醇酯化反应的动力学参数
Table2.Kinetic parameters for esterification ofoleic acid with ethanol
催化剂 | Ea/(kJ·mol?1) | R2 | k/(10?3 min?1) | |||
323 K | 333 K | 343 K | 353 K | |||
MPC-0.4-SO3H | 31.65 | 0.971 | 0.87 | 1.04 | 1.63 | 2.28 |
MPC-0.8-SO3H | 21.17 | 0.702 | 1.19 | 1.31 | 1.33 | 2.52 |
Amberlyst-15 | 11.65 | 0.976 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.45 | 0.52 |
催化剂 | Ea/(kJ·mol?1) | R2 | k/(10?3 min?1) | |||
323 K | 333 K | 343 K | 353 K | |||
MPC-0.4-SO3H | 31.65 | 0.971 | 0.87 | 1.04 | 1.63 | 2.28 |
MPC-0.8-SO3H | 21.17 | 0.702 | 1.19 | 1.31 | 1.33 | 2.52 |
Amberlyst-15 | 11.65 | 0.976 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.45 | 0.52 |
下载: 导出CSV
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收稿日期:2018-09-05
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网络出版日期:2019-10-11
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生物质碳基固体酸催化剂的制备及其对酯化反应的催化性能
刘晓红1,,,付小琴1,2,
代超1
通讯作者: 刘晓红,xiaohliu29@126.com ;
作者简介: 刘晓红(1972—),女,博士,教授。研究方向:污染控制化学。E-mail:xiaohliu29@126.com 1.延安大学化学与化工学院,延安 716000
2.延安职业技术学院石油和化学工程系,延安 716000
收稿日期: 2018-09-05
录用日期: 2019-04-15
网络出版日期: 2019-10-11
关键词: 生物质碳基固体酸催化剂/
酯化反应/
催化活性
摘要:为了寻找一种以生物质为原料,能够温和地合成磁性碳基固体酸催化剂的路径,以生物质柚子果皮为原料合成磁性固体酸催化剂,并将其用于催化油酸和乙醇的酯化反应中。结果表明:MPC-0.4-SO3H和MPC-0.8-SO3H在反应温度为80 ℃、催化剂用量为油酸质量的7%、油醇比为1∶20、反应时间为8 h时,酯化率可达到68.0%和68.8%,高于商用催化剂Amberlyst-15的酯化率;2种催化剂耐水性好,稳定性高,重复使用3次和4次时,酯化率仍高于或接近Amberlyst-15。通过分析可知,2种固体酸活化能较低,与Amberlyst-15相比,其催化反应的速率常数更大,在生物柴油的合成中具有较好的应用前景。
English Abstract
Preparation of magnetic carbonaceous solid acid catalyst from biomass and its catalytic activity in esterification
LIU Xiaohong1,,,FU Xiaoqin1,2,
DAI Chao1
Corresponding author: LIU Xiaohong,xiaohliu29@126.com ;
1.School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yan′an University, Yan′an 716000, China2.Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Yan′an Vocational and Technical College, Yan′an 716000, China
Received Date: 2018-09-05
Accepted Date: 2019-04-15
Available Online: 2019-10-11
Keywords: biomass-carbonaceous solid acid catalyst/
esterification/
catalytic activity
Abstract:In order to find a way for mildly synthesizing magnetic carbonaceous solid acid catalyst from biomass, pomelo peel was used to prepare a new magnetic carbonaceous solid acid catalyst for catalytic esterification reaction of oleic acid and ethanol, which was selected as model for producing biodiesel. The structure characteristics for the prepared catalysts were identified by FT-IR, XRD and TGA. The results showed that when the reaction temperature was 80 ℃, the catalyst mass was 7% of oleic acid, the ratio of oil to alcohol was 1∶20 and reaction duration was 8 h, the esterification rates of MPC-0.4-SO3H and MPC-0.8-SO3H reached 68.0% and 68.8%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the commercial amberlyst-15. Both catalysts had good water resistance and high stability, the esterification rates of three or four times-reused catalysts were still higher than or close to the value of amberlyst-15. The activation energies of both solid acids were low. From the analysis, it is known that the two catalysts have good water resistance and high stability, compared with amberlyst-15, the rate constants of MPC-0.4-SO3H and MPC-0.8-SO3H were higher in catalytic reactions, and which presents good application prospects in biodiesel synthesis.