电化学水处理技术研究进展

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Research progress of electrochemical technologies for water treatment

HU Chengzhi^1,2,3,,
LIU Huijuan^1,2,3,
QU Jiuhui^1,2
1.Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3.National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China

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摘要:电化学方法可以通过电子的定向转移与精确调控，强化环境界面过程的速率和效率，其在水处理与资源化中体现出非凡的特点和优势，成为破解水危机和水污染的重要技术手段。近10年来，电化学水处理与资源化技术发展取得了长足的进步，正在向电极高效、工艺耦合、低碳绿色转变，未来将进一步聚焦功能电极材料设计、高效反应器与组合工艺开发、资源能源的定向转移与回收等重要方向。为深入研究电化学水处理与资源化技术机理，进一步探讨电化学方法在实际工程中的广泛应用，在重点关注电化学应用基础研究和前沿技术的基础上，分别对电絮凝、电氧化、电还原、电渗析/反向电渗析和电吸附技术的研究进展进行了回顾，并对电化学水处理与资源化技术发展进行了总结和展望。
关键词: 电极/
电化学反应器/
组合工艺/
水处理

Abstract:Electrochemical technologies are capable of keeping environmental interfacial processes at high rate and efficiency through directionally and accurately controlling the electron transfer. It is becoming a new strategy in dealing with water pollution and water scarcity for its extraordinary features and superiorities. In the past ten years, electrochemical technologies for water treatment and recycling have achieved great progress, which is heading for efficient electrodes, coupling technical processes, low-carbon operations. To thoroughly study the mechanism of electrochemical water treatment and recycling technologies, and further discuss the application of electrochemical technologies, attention has been focused on designing of electrode materials, exploiting of high-performance reactors, combination of technical processes, and recovery of resources and energy in wastewater. This article reviews the research progresses of electro-coagulation, electro-oxidation, electro-reduction, electro-(re)dialysis and electro-adsorption. In the end, this article puts forward a conclusion on technology development of electrochemical water treatment and recycling so as to get an outlook in this field.
Key words:electrodes/
electrochemical reactors/
combination of technical processes/
water treatment.

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