周颖,
黄艺
北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 北京 100871
作者简介: 秦潇(1995-),男,硕士,研究方向为海洋微塑料污染,E-mail:1301254937@qq.com.
基金项目: 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室项目（8102000268）中图分类号: X171.5
A Review of Population Exposure Routes of Microplastics and Their Possible Health Hazards
Qin Xiao,Zhou Ying,
Huang Yi
Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
CLC number: X171.5
-->
摘要
HTML全文
图
参考文献
相关文章
施引文献
资源附件
访问统计
摘要:微塑料污染是近几年来出现的新环境问题，但目前对人群的微塑料暴露途径及其可能的健康危害并不清楚。本文基于现有微塑料研究的相关文献，重点分析了人类通过食物摄取、饮水以及空气接触的微塑料暴露途径，估算了中国人通过海鲜和食盐可能摄取的微塑料量，并对微塑料的多种潜在生理毒性进行了综述。进一步提出了今后需要系统研究微塑料的人体暴露途径、探索自然环境微塑料浓度下的人体健康风险、关注微塑料对人体肠道微生物的影响等优先研究方向，为正确评价微塑料的人体健康风险提供了理论依据。
关键词: 微塑料/
暴露途径/
健康危害
Abstract:Microplastic is an emerging environmental pollution source in recent years. It is very significant to understand microplastic exposure pathway and its possible human health hazards. Based on the current literature on microplastics, this review mainly focuses on the exposure pathways of microplastics through food intake, drinking water and air contact. The exposure amount of microplastics through seafood and salt ingestion by Chinese people are estimated, and the potential cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity of microplastics are summarized. Future studies on the priority research topics are suggested, such as further systematic study on human exposure pathway of microplastics, exploration of human health risk under the background concentration of microplastics in natural environment, and the impact of microplastics on human gut microbiome. All these topics will provide a theoretical basis for further research on evaluating the human health risks of microplastics.
Key words:microplastics/
exposure route/
health hazards.
| Lambert S, Scherer C, Wagner M. Ecotoxicity testing of microplastics:Considering the heterogeneity of physicochemical properties[J]. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 2017, 13(3):470-475 |
| Cole M,Lindeque P, Halsband C, et al. Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment:A review[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2011, 62(12):2588-2597 |
| Thompson R C. Plastic debris in the marine environment:Consequences and solutions[C]. Stralsund, Germany:Marine Nature Conservation in Europe, Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, 2006:107-115 |
| Bergmann M,Mützel S, Primpke S, et al. White and wonderful? Microplastics prevail in snow from the Alps to the Arctic[J]. Science Advances, 2019, 5(8):eaax1157 |
| Mathalon A, Hill P. Microplastic fibers in the intertidal ecosystem surrounding Halifax Harbor, Nova Scotia[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2014, 81(1):69-79 |
| Andrady A L. Microplastics in the marine environment[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2011, 62(8):1596-1605 |
| Nuelle M T, Dekiff J H, Remy D, et al. A new analytical approach for monitoring microplastics in marine sediments[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2014, 184:161-169 |
| Horton AA, Walton A, Spurgeon D J, et al. Microplastics in freshwater and terrestrial environments:Evaluating the current understanding to identify the knowledge gaps and future research priorities[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 586:127-141 |
| Nizzetto L, Bussi G, Futter M N, et al. A theoretical assessment of microplastic transport in river catchments and their retention by soils and river sediments[J]. Environmental Science Processes & Impacts, 2016, 18(8):1050-1059 |
| Rillig M C. Microplastic in terrestrial ecosystems and the soil?[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2012, 46(12):6453-6454 |
| Allen S, Allen D, Phoenix V R, et al. Atmospheric transport and deposition of microplastics in a remote mountain catchment[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2019, 12(5):339-344 |
| Barboza L G A, DickVethaak A, Lavorante B R B O, et al. Marine microplastic debris:An emerging issue for food security, food safety and human health[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2018, 133:336-348 |
| Wright S L, Kelly F J. Plastic and human health:A micro issue?[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2017, 51(12):6634-6647 |
| Catarino A I, Thompson R, Sanderson W, et al. Development and optimization of a standard method for extraction of microplastics in mussels by enzyme digestion of soft tissues[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2017, 36(4):947-951 |
| Rios L M, Moore C, Jones P R. Persistent organic pollutants carried by synthetic polymers in the ocean environment[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2007, 54(8):1230-1237 |
| Lee K W, Shim W J, Kwon O Y, et al. Size-dependent effects of micro polystyrene particles in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicas[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013, 47(19):11278-11283 |
| Karlsson T M, Vethaak A D, Almroth B C, et al. Screening for microplastics in sediment, water, marine invertebrates and fish:Method development and microplastic accumulation[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2017, 122(1-2):403-408 |
| De Witte B,Devriese L, Bekaert K, et al. Quality assessment of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis):Comparison between commercial and wild types[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2014, 85(1):146-155 |
| Vandermeersch G, Van Cauwenberghe L, Janssen C R, et al. A critical view on microplastic quantification in aquatic organisms[J]. Environmental Research, 2015, 143(Pt B):46-55 |
| Bellas J, Martínez-Armental J, Martínez-Cámara A, et al. Ingestion of microplastics by demersal fish from the Spanish Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2016, 109(1):55-60 |
| Windsor F M, Tilley R M, Tyler C R, et al. Microplastic ingestion by riverine macroinvertebrates[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 646:68-74 |
| Browne M A, Dissanayake A, Galloway T S, et al. Ingested microscopic plastictranslocates to the circulatory system of the mussel, Mytilus edulis (L.)[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2008, 42(13):5026-5031 |
| Kolandhasamy P, Su L, Li J N, et al. Adherence of microplastics to soft tissue of mussels:A novel way to uptake microplastics beyond ingestion[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 610-611:635-640 |
| Lusher A, Hollman P, Mendoza-Hill J. Microplastics in fisheries and aquaculture:Status of knowledge on their occurrence and implications for aquatic organisms and food safety[R]. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper, 2017 |
| Li L Z, Luo Y M, Li R J, et al. Effective uptake ofsubmicrometre plastics by crop plants via a crack-entry mode[J]. Nature Sustainability, 2020, 3(11):929-937 |
| Welden N A, Abylkhani B, Howarth L M. The effects of trophic transfer and environmental factors on microplastic uptake by plaice, Pleuronectes plastessa, and spider crab, Maja squinado[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 239:351-358 |
| Nelms S E, Galloway T S, Godley B J, et al. Investigating microplastic trophic transfer in marine top predators[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 238:999-1007 |
| Sathish M N, Jeyasanta I, Patterson J. Microplastics in salt of tuticorin, southeast Coast of India[J]. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2020, 79(1):111-121 |
| 周倩, 章海波, 李远, 等. 海岸环境中微塑料污染及其生态效应研究进展[J]. 科学通报, 2015, 60(33):3210-3220Zhou Q, Zhang H B, Li Y, et al. Progress on microplastics pollution and its ecological effects in the coastal environment[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2015, 60(33):3210-3220(in Chinese) |
| 赵子科, 赵利容, 陈春亮, 等. 海洋环境微型塑料的研究现状和问题[J]. 广东海洋大学学报, 2018, 38(4):99-106Zhao Z K, Zhao L R, Chen C L, et al. Research status and problems of marine microplastics[J]. Journal of Guangdong Ocean University, 2018, 38(4):99-106(in Chinese) |
| Su L,Cai H W, Kolandhasamy P, et al. Using the Asian clam as an indicator of microplastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 234:347-355 |
| Su L,Xue Y G, Li L Y, et al. Microplastics in Taihu Lake, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, 216:711-719 |
| Tong H Y, Jiang Q Y, Hu X S, et al. Occurrence and identification of microplastics in tap water from China[J]. Chemosphere, 2020, 252:126493 |
| Li D Z, Shi Y H, Yang L M, et al. Microplastic release from the degradation of polypropylene feeding bottles during infant formula preparation[J]. Nature Food, 2020, 1(11):746-754 |
| Wright S L,Ulke J, Font A, et al. Atmospheric microplastic deposition in an urban environment and an evaluation of transport[J]. Environment International, 2020, 136:105411 |
| Bolton T F,Havenhand J N. Physiological versus viscosity-induced effects of an acute reduction in water temperature on microsphere ingestion by trochophore larvae of the serpulid polychaete Galeolaria caespitosa[J]. Journal of Plankton Research, 1998, 20(11):2153-2164 |
| Schirinzi G F, Pérez-Pomeda I, Sanchís J, et al. Cytotoxic effects of commonly used nanomaterials and microplastics on cerebral and epithelial human cells[J]. Environmental Research, 2017, 159:579-587 |
| Wang QQ, Bai J L, Ning B A, et al. Effects of bisphenol A and nanoscale and microscale polystyrene plastic exposure on particle uptake and toxicity in human Caco-2 cells[J]. Chemosphere, 2020, 254:126788 |
| Sussarellu R, Suquet M, Thomas Y, et al. Oyster reproduction is affected by exposure to polystyrene microplastics[J]. PNAS, 2016, 113(9):2430-2435 |
| Zhu B K, Fang Y M, Zhu D, et al. Exposure tonanoplastics disturbs the gut microbiome in the soil oligochaete Enchytraeus crypticus[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 239:408-415 |
| 马明. 人体肠道微生物组学与大健康产业[J]. 科学, 2018, 70(6):23-28, 69 Ma M. Human gut microbiome and health industry[J]. Science, 2018, 70(6):23-28, 69(in Chinese) |
| 王琳琳, 陈卫, 张灏. 人类肠道共生微生物与疾病[C]. 天津:第九届乳酸菌与健康国际研讨会, 2014 |
| Brennecke D, Duarte B, Paiva F, et al. Microplastics as vector for heavy metal contamination from the marine environment[J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2016, 178:189-195 |
| Li J, Zhang K N, Zhang H. Adsorption of antibiotics on microplastics[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 237:460-467 |
| Wang J, Qin X, Guo J B, et al. Evidence of selective enrichment of bacterial assemblages and antibiotic resistant genes by microplastics in urban rivers[J]. Water Research, 2020, 183:116113 |
