罗禹^1,2, 念靖晴^1,2, 鲍未^1,2, 张静静^1,2, 赵守盈¹, 潘运¹, 许爽^1,2, 张禹^1,2()

¹ 贵州师范大学心理学院
² 贵州师范大学心理学院应激与注意实验室, 贵阳 550025

收稿日期:2019-03-15出版日期:2020-01-25发布日期:2019-11-21
通讯作者:张禹E-mail:yuzhang331@163.com

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金(31500913);教育部人文社科项目(17YJC190032);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合LH 字[2017]7367 号);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY 字[2018]132)

Acute psychological stress impairs attention disengagement toward threat-related stimuli

LUO Yu^1,2, NIAN Jingqing^1,2, BAO Wei^1,2, ZHANG Jingjing^1,2, ZHAO Shouying¹, PAN Yun¹, XU Shuang^1,2, ZHANG Yu^1,2()

¹ School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
² Stress and Attention Laboratory, School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China

Received:2019-03-15Online:2020-01-25Published:2019-11-21
Contact:ZHANG Yu E-mail:yuzhang331@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 急性应激会增强个体对威胁刺激的注意偏向, 但急性应激是增强了对威胁刺激的注意定向还是损害了对威胁刺激的注意解除还不清楚。本研究采用社会评估冷压任务和点探测任务, 结合事件相关电位技术, 考察急性应激对威胁刺激注意偏向影响的认知机制。在进行社会评估冷压任务后, 应激组个体的状态焦虑和皮质醇浓度显著升高。在注意偏向中, 应激组对威胁刺激的注意解除比控制组更慢, 应激组和控制组在对威胁刺激的注意定向上无显著差异。ERP结果上, 威胁刺激诱发应激组比控制组产生了更负的SPCN, 在N2pc上没有显著差异。应激组和控制组皮质醇增量的差异和N2pc、SPCN的组间差异均有显著正相关。这些结果说明, 急性应激增强对威胁刺激的注意偏向是因为其损害个体对威胁刺激的注意解除, 这可能是因为急性应激损害了与注意解除相关的额-顶网络的功能所致。

图/表 4

图1实验程序(a)和点探测任务(b)示意图
图1实验程序(a)和点探测任务(b)示意图



图2应激组和控制组在不同时间点上的状态焦虑分数(a)和皮质醇浓度(b)结果。在社会评估冷压任务后, 应激组的状态焦虑(0 min)和皮质醇浓度(40 min)均显著高于控制组。 注：*表示p < 0.05。
图2应激组和控制组在不同时间点上的状态焦虑分数(a)和皮质醇浓度(b)结果。在社会评估冷压任务后, 应激组的状态焦虑(0 min)和皮质醇浓度(40 min)均显著高于控制组。 注：*表示p < 0.05。



图3注意偏向分数(a)和对威胁刺激的反应的ERP结果(b) 注：#表示p < 0.1, *表示p < 0.05
图3注意偏向分数(a)和对威胁刺激的反应的ERP结果(b) 注：#表示p < 0.1, *表示p < 0.05



图4应激组和控制组的置换检验结果(a)和组间差异(b) 注：(a)应激组和控制组中对侧减去同侧的差异波(相对于威胁刺激位置)的负值区域面积(N2pc和SPCN)。蓝色直方图表示1000次检验统计量的零分布。红色直线表示实际观测到的负值区域面积统计值。黄色区域表示检验统计量零分布的前5%。(b)负值区域面积统计值的组间差异(应激组减去控制组)。红色直线表示实际观测到的组间差异负值区域面积统计值。
图4应激组和控制组的置换检验结果(a)和组间差异(b) 注：(a)应激组和控制组中对侧减去同侧的差异波(相对于威胁刺激位置)的负值区域面积(N2pc和SPCN)。蓝色直方图表示1000次检验统计量的零分布。红色直线表示实际观测到的负值区域面积统计值。黄色区域表示检验统计量零分布的前5%。(b)负值区域面积统计值的组间差异(应激组减去控制组)。红色直线表示实际观测到的组间差异负值区域面积统计值。

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