反馈评估的局部背景依赖效应：ERP研究

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朱树青, 翟昱, 贾世伟(

)

山东师范大学心理学院, 济南 250014

收稿日期:2018-11-28出版日期:2019-11-25发布日期:2019-09-24
通讯作者:贾世伟E-mail:jiashiwei82@126.com

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金项目(31200784)资助

Local context dependence in feedback evaluation: An ERP study

ZHU Shuqing, ZHAI Yu, JIA Shiwei(

)

School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China

Received:2018-11-28Online:2019-11-25Published:2019-09-24
Contact:JIA Shiwei E-mail:jiashiwei82@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 人脑对反馈的评估依赖于其所处背景。但是只能依赖整体背景(整个组块的结果范围), 还是可以依赖局部背景(单个试次的结果范围)进行评估, 目前并不清楚。本研究通过获益/损失线索操纵所在试次的反馈背景, 探讨反馈评估仅依赖整体背景, 还是可延伸到局部水平。25名被试参与实验。结果发现, 背景试次间变化时, 在获益背景下, ￥0 (负反馈)比+ ￥4 (正反馈)引发更负的FRN (feedback-related negativity); 在损失背景下, - ￥4 (负反馈)比￥0 (正反馈)引发更负的FRN。这一结果说明反馈评估以某线索背景中可能的结果为参考对象, FRN的背景依赖可以延伸到局部水平。结合前人研究, 推测任务类型和反馈真实性会调节背景依赖水平。在含真实反馈的主动性任务中, FRN的背景依赖效应可延伸至局部水平。

图/表 6

图1背景依赖情况示意图。如果结果评估采取整体依赖模式, 结果如左图所示, 被试以所有可能的结果为参照, 相对坏的结果比相对好的结果引发更负的FRN, 不受所在试次的线索影响。如果结果评估采取局部依赖模式, 结果如右图所示, 被试以本试次的可能的结果为参照, 相对坏的结果比相对好的结果引发更负的FRN。

图2实验流程示意图

图3时间估计调整量的平均值及标准差注：* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001

图4四种实验条件下FRN波幅的平均值及标准差(Fz, FCz和Cz点) 注：* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001

图5四种实验条件下的FRN总平均图(Fz、FCz和Cz点)

图6正、负反馈所引发FRN波幅图(Fz点)及其差异波的地形图

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