) 1西南财经大学社会发展研究院, 成都 611130
2武汉大学哲学学院心理学系, 武汉 430072
收稿日期:2020-04-01出版日期:2020-12-15发布日期:2020-10-26通讯作者:谢天E-mail:thanksky520@126.com基金资助:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(社会学习视角下文化进化的认知机制研究)(JBK200510)The cognitive perspective of cultural evolution: Exploring cultural dynamics from the view of social learning
CHEN Weiyang1, XIE Tian2() 1Research Institute of Social Development, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 611130, China
2Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Received:2020-04-01Online:2020-12-15Published:2020-10-26Contact:XIE Tian E-mail:thanksky520@126.com摘要/Abstract
摘要： 文化演化是多学科共同关心的文化研究主题。文化演化的认知视角是心理学家切入该研究主题的一种方式, 它着眼于社会文化环境中的个体认知, 研究个体在社会学习过程中对文化信息的加工、改变、记忆与提取。文化演化的认知视角借用达尔文生物演化理论, 涉及文化传承、创新、选择三个子领域, 提出了文化演化的三原则: 遗传、变异、选择。文化传承的路径包括模仿和教导, 类型分为工具性与习俗性文化传承; 文化创新具有层次性, 人类特有的累积性文化演化建立在文化创新的基础之上, 体现了文化创新的代际传递; 基于行为生态学和人类认知机制的文化选择造成了文化信息的差异化适应。未来研究可以从研究概念、研究思路、研究方法三方面推进认知视角下的文化演化研究, 探索更高层次的文化创新, 扩展文化演化的前因变量, 结合新技术加深对文化演化的理解; 发挥文化演化对文化心理学研究的助推作用, 研究文化混搭、个性心理特征对文化演化的影响。
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