) 四川师范大学心理学院, 成都 610068
收稿日期:2019-04-28出版日期:2020-09-15发布日期:2020-07-24通讯作者:杨通平E-mail:tongping.yang@qq.com基金资助:* 国家社会科学基金项目资助(16BMZ044)The influence of mindfulness on intimate relationships
CHEN Guodian, YANG Tongping() School of Psychology, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
Received:2019-04-28Online:2020-09-15Published:2020-07-24Contact:YANG Tongping E-mail:tongping.yang@qq.com摘要/Abstract
摘要： 亲密关系中的正念, 是指个体有意识地关注可能影响关系的感觉或想法。由于其有助于提高关系满意度并缓解关系冲突, 因而逐渐在理论和应用上受到关注。二元互动过程理论有助于在二元框架下理解正念影响亲密关系的过程和结果, 研究者通常采用测量法、实验诱导法和正念干预探究正念对亲密关系的影响。鉴于正念干预对亲密关系具有防护和补救功能,因此被应用于相对幸福、面临挑战和陷入危机等不同关系状态。未来的研究可根据关系的阶段特征和可能的反向作用建构理论; 根据亲密关系的二元互动和阶段特点, 从多维、动态发展的视角界定概念, 通过互评法和观察编码法进行测量; 采用更严谨的设计明确干预效果; 并且关注潜在的消极影响。
图/表 2
图1正念影响亲密关系的过程及结果的理论模型 (资料来源：Karremans et al., 2017)
图1正念影响亲密关系的过程及结果的理论模型 (资料来源：Karremans et al., 2017)表1亲密关系中的正念干预示例
| 正念干预项目 | 干预对象 | 干预目的 |
|---|---|---|
| 正念强化关系疗法 (Mindfulness-based Relationship Enhancement, MBRE) | 相对幸福、无冲突的伴侣 | 强化亲密关系, 提高压力应对能力。 |
| 准父母正念过渡项目 (Mindful Transition to Parenthood Program, MTPP) | 即将迎来第一个小孩的准父母 | 预防关系恶化, 帮助伴侣共同面对因小孩的出生而带来的角色转换和潜在的压力。 |
| 接纳与承诺疗法 (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, ACT) | 关系出现危机的伴侣 | 减少关系冲突, 提高关系质量。 |
表1亲密关系中的正念干预示例
| 正念干预项目 | 干预对象 | 干预目的 |
|---|---|---|
| 正念强化关系疗法 (Mindfulness-based Relationship Enhancement, MBRE) | 相对幸福、无冲突的伴侣 | 强化亲密关系, 提高压力应对能力。 |
| 准父母正念过渡项目 (Mindful Transition to Parenthood Program, MTPP) | 即将迎来第一个小孩的准父母 | 预防关系恶化, 帮助伴侣共同面对因小孩的出生而带来的角色转换和潜在的压力。 |
| 接纳与承诺疗法 (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, ACT) | 关系出现危机的伴侣 | 减少关系冲突, 提高关系质量。 |
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