), 夏勉3 1武汉大学学生工作部大学生心理健康教育中心
2武汉大学哲学学院心理学系, 武汉 430072
3华中师范大学心理学院, 武汉 430079
收稿日期:2019-09-30出版日期:2020-07-15发布日期:2020-05-21通讯作者:白宝玉E-mail:psy_bby@163.com基金资助:* “武汉大学人文社会科学青年****学术发展计划”文化与健康研究团队研究成果, 得到“双一流专项资金”资助Dropout in psychotherapy
HE Jiao1, BAI Baoyu2(), XIA Mian3 1Center for Psychological Health Education of College Students, Department of Student Affairs, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
2Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
3School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
Received:2019-09-30Online:2020-07-15Published:2020-05-21Contact:BAI Baoyu E-mail:psy_bby@163.com摘要/Abstract
摘要： 脱落是指在心理咨询与治疗中, 来访者由于种种原因在导致他前来寻求帮助的心理困扰或问题尚未解决之前就终止治疗的现象。研究者对脱落概念内涵的理解比较一致, 但脱落的操作性定义存在多种且各有利弊。脱落在临床治疗中普遍存在; 脱落率在跨研究间的结果差异很大, 并受到脱落的操作性定义和研究设计类型的重要影响。传统的静态的变量在预测脱落时存在明显局限, 治疗同盟等治疗过程预测变量近年来得到更多重视, 并丰富了我们对来访者脱落的深入理解。为减少脱落, 研究者建议为来访者提供治疗前准备, 对治疗过程中的关键变量进行评估并根据具体情况采用合适的干预策略。未来研究需要完善脱落的操作性定义, 更多地在自然治疗设置下进行研究, 进一步深化脱落的预测变量研究, 并关注治疗外重要事件及文化背景对脱落的影响。
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