组织中的正念：基于认知的动态衍生过程及干预

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诸彦含(

), 陈国良, 徐俊英

西南大学政治与公共管理学院, 重庆 400715

收稿日期:2019-01-21出版日期:2020-03-15发布日期:2020-01-18
通讯作者:诸彦含E-mail:zhuyh@swu.edu.cn

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金面上项目(71874146);中央高校基本科研业务费创新团队项目(SWU1709123)

Mindfulness in organization: Cognition-oriented dynamic derivative process and interventions

ZHU Yanhan(

), CHEN Guoliang, XU Junying

School of Political Science and Public Administration, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

Received:2019-01-21Online:2020-03-15Published:2020-01-18
Contact:ZHU Yanhan E-mail:zhuyh@swu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 正念是个体、团队和组织共有的属性。认知过程取向的正念在个体、团队及组织层面表现为对信息的加工处理。依托信息加工理论, 基于认知的正念在组织中各层面的衍生过程可从4个阶段(刺激-觉知-识别-反应)进行解析, 其干预可依据衍生过程中的注意力与互动等关键要素入手。未来研究可发掘儒释道传统文化以发展认知取向正念的心理学内涵, 检验不同层面正念衍生过程及基于认知干预的有效性, 并尝试构建个体-团队-组织正念递进补充与反哺机制。

图/表 2

表1组织中的正念：基于认知过程的内涵解析

层面	内涵
个体层面	个体正念是“个体对当下现象或经验的接受性注意和意识” (Brown et al., 2007, p.212), 即个体对其内外部环境中正在发生的事情保持开放而清晰的意识和注意(Brown & Ryan, 2003), 并不予评价地接受(张静等, 2017)。
团队层面	团队正念是“团队成员之间通过交互形成的一种共享信念, 即团队成员之间的交互以对当下现象的意识和关注, 以及对团队内部经历的经验性、非评判性处理为特征” (Yu & Zellmer-Bruhn, 2018)。团队正念实质上是从团队成员互动中产生的对团队精神品质的共同认知(Yu & Zellmer-Bruhn, 2018), 即团队成员对当下经验的一种共享认知。
组织层面	组织正念是一个动态的认知过程, 指一个组织在多大程度上捕捉到出现的威胁性的差异性细节, 以及创造对这些细节迅速采取行动回应的能力(Vogus & Sutcliffe, 2012, p.723; Weick et al., 1999; Weick & Sutcliffe, 2001), 反映了组织克服意外事件并以不确定信息(如早期威胁信号, 不能确定其发展变化)对事态进行掌控的认知能力(Vykoukal et al., 2009)。

表1组织中的正念：基于认知过程的内涵解析

层面	内涵
个体层面	个体正念是“个体对当下现象或经验的接受性注意和意识” (Brown et al., 2007, p.212), 即个体对其内外部环境中正在发生的事情保持开放而清晰的意识和注意(Brown & Ryan, 2003), 并不予评价地接受(张静等, 2017)。
团队层面	团队正念是“团队成员之间通过交互形成的一种共享信念, 即团队成员之间的交互以对当下现象的意识和关注, 以及对团队内部经历的经验性、非评判性处理为特征” (Yu & Zellmer-Bruhn, 2018)。团队正念实质上是从团队成员互动中产生的对团队精神品质的共同认知(Yu & Zellmer-Bruhn, 2018), 即团队成员对当下经验的一种共享认知。
组织层面	组织正念是一个动态的认知过程, 指一个组织在多大程度上捕捉到出现的威胁性的差异性细节, 以及创造对这些细节迅速采取行动回应的能力(Vogus & Sutcliffe, 2012, p.723; Weick et al., 1999; Weick & Sutcliffe, 2001), 反映了组织克服意外事件并以不确定信息(如早期威胁信号, 不能确定其发展变化)对事态进行掌控的认知能力(Vykoukal et al., 2009)。

图1基于信息加工理论的正念衍生过程

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