新生儿语音感知的神经基础:元分析

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陈钰, 莫李澄, 毕蓉, 张丹丹(

)

深圳大学心理学院, 深圳 518060

收稿日期:2020-04-22出版日期:2020-08-15发布日期:2020-06-28
通讯作者:张丹丹E-mail:zhangdd05@gmail.com

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金项目(31970980);深圳市基础研究自由探索项目(JCYJ20180305124305294);深港脑科学创新研究院(2019SHIBS0003)

The brain mechanism of speech perception in newborns: A meta-analysis

CHEN Yu, MO Licheng, BI Rong, ZHANG Dandan(

)

College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China

Received:2020-04-22Online:2020-08-15Published:2020-06-28
Contact:ZHANG Dandan E-mail:zhangdd05@gmail.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 语言习得能力是人类在进化中获得的重要能力之一。语言认知的核心功能是语音加工, 因此, 语音加工的脑机制是认知心理学研究的重要课题。我们采用元分析方法, 对使用近红外技术考察新生儿语音感知的结构检测、偏差检测和母语感知的研究进行系统的定量分析, 探究新生儿的典型语音感知脑机制以及这三类语音加工相关脑区的异同。结果显示, 左侧额下回是新生儿检测语音结构的关键脑区; 双侧颞叶在新生儿语音偏差刺激检测中发挥关键作用; 新生儿的母语语音加工存在左侧化优势。

图/表 7

图1文献筛选流程

图1文献筛选流程

表1语音结构检测文献列表

文献	N	对比条件(contrast)	主要激活位置	效应量
Ferry et al., 2016	32	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.66
Gervain et al., 2008	22	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.33
Gervain et al., 2012	22	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.34
Gervain et al., 2012	20	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.37
Gómez et al., 2014	24	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.39
Gómez et al., 2014	24	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.41
Kudo et al., 2011	18	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.54

表1语音结构检测文献列表

文献	N	对比条件(contrast)	主要激活位置	效应量
Ferry et al., 2016	32	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.66
Gervain et al., 2008	22	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.33
Gervain et al., 2012	22	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.34
Gervain et al., 2012	20	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.37
Gómez et al., 2014	24	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.39
Gómez et al., 2014	24	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.41
Kudo et al., 2011	18	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.54

表2语音偏差刺激检测文献列表

文献	N	对比条件(contrast)	主要激活位置	效应量
Arimitsu et al., 2011	14	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.47
Carlier-Torres et al., 2014	13	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.51
Carlier-Torres et al., 2014	13	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.62
Mahmoudzadeh et al., 2013	6	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	1.03
Mahmoudzadeh et al., 2017	19	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.44
Sambeth, 2009	10	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.87

表2语音偏差刺激检测文献列表

文献	N	对比条件(contrast)	主要激活位置	效应量
Arimitsu et al., 2011	14	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.47
Carlier-Torres et al., 2014	13	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.51
Carlier-Torres et al., 2014	13	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.62
Mahmoudzadeh et al., 2013	6	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	1.03
Mahmoudzadeh et al., 2017	19	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.44
Sambeth, 2009	10	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.87

表3母语感知文献列表

文献	N	对比条件(contrast)	主要激活位置	效应量
Pe?a et al., 2003	12	左颞 > 右颞	左颞	0.65
Sato et al., 2012	17	左颞 > 右颞	左颞	0.28
Vannasing et al., 2016	27	左颞 > 右颞	左颞	2.73

表3母语感知文献列表

文献	N	对比条件(contrast)	主要激活位置	效应量
Pe?a et al., 2003	12	左颞 > 右颞	左颞	0.65
Sato et al., 2012	17	左颞 > 右颞	左颞	0.28
Vannasing et al., 2016	27	左颞 > 右颞	左颞	2.73

图2使用fNIRS比较新生儿在检测语音序列结构时HbO2浓度的平均变化(contrast:特殊结构减一般结构)。Fisher’s Z, 效应值; CI, 置信区间。

图3使用fNIRS比较新生儿在检测语音偏差刺激时HbO2浓度的平均变化(contrast:偏差刺激减标准刺激)。Fisher’s Z, 效应值; CI, 置信区间。

图4使用fNIRS比较新生儿在感知母语语音刺激时HbO2浓度的平均变化(contrast:左半球减右半球)。Fisher’s Z, 效应值; CI, 置信区间。

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