![](http://journal.psych.ac.cn/xlkxjz/images/email.png)
华中师范大学心理学院, 武汉 430079
收稿日期:
2019-05-28出版日期:
2020-06-15发布日期:
2020-04-22通讯作者:
定险峰E-mail:xianfengding@mail.ccnu.edu.cn基金资助:
* 国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671122);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31500869);华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目资助(CCNU19TS075);华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目资助(CCNU19TD017)The multidimensional spatial representation of time: Dissociations on its ontogenetic origin and activation mechanism
HE Tingyu, DING Yi, LI Haokun, CHENG Xiaorong, FAN Zhao, DING Xianfeng(![](http://journal.psych.ac.cn/xlkxjz/images/email.png)
School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
Received:
2019-05-28Online:
2020-06-15Published:
2020-04-22Contact:
DING Xianfeng E-mail:xianfengding@mail.ccnu.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要: 近期研究发现时间可以分别在三个空间维度(左右、前后和上下)进行表征, 但不同维度心理时间线的起源和激活机制尚存争议。最新证据表明, 左右维度时间线主要起源于阅读/书写习惯所伴随的感觉运动经验, 其激活可能是一种低水平的感觉运动机制; 前后和上下维度时间线主要起源于语言中的空间隐喻, 其激活可能是一种高水平的语义机制。未来研究应更关注心理时间线的起源多样性、先天基础、神经机制以及时间线和数字线的类比。
参考文献 72
[1] | 陈玲 . (2018). 虚拟感觉运动经验对不同维度心理时间线的分离影响 (硕士学位论文). 华中师范大学, 武汉. |
[2] | 冯宁 . (2015). 心理时间线:具身模拟和概念隐喻的双重进程? (硕士学位论文). 华中师范大学, 武汉. |
[3] | 刘丽虹, 张积家 . (2009). 时间的空间隐喻对汉语母语者时间认知的影响. 外语教学与研究:外国语文双月刊, 4, 266-271. |
[4] | 马佳 . (2017). 空间-时间联合编码效应:基于极性对应理论的解释 (硕士学位论文). 河北师范大学, 石家庄. |
[5] | 张恩涛, 方杰, 林文毅, 罗俊龙 . (2013). 抽象概念表征的具身认知观. 心理科学进展, 21(3), 429-436. |
[6] | Anelli, F., Peters-Founshtein, G., Shreibman, Y., Moreh, E., Forlani, C., Frassinetti, F., & Arzy, S . (2018). Nature and nurture effects on the spatiality of the mental time line. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 11710. |
[7] | Barsalou, L. W . (2008). Grounded cognition. Annual Review of Psychology, 59(1), 617-645. |
[8] | Barsalou, L. W . (2009). Simulation, situated conceptualization, and prediction. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, 364(1521), 1281-1289. |
[9] | Basso, G., Nichelli, P., Frassinetti, F., & Di Pellegrino, G . (1996). Time perception in a neglected space. Neuroreport, 7(13), 2111-2114. |
[10] | Bender, A., & Beller, S . (2014). Mapping spatial frames of reference onto time: A review of theoretical accounts and empirical findings. Cognition, 132(3), 342-382. |
[11] | Bonato, M., Zorzi, M., & Umiltà, C . (2012). When time is space: Evidence for a mental time line. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 36(10), 2257-2273. |
[12] | Boroditsky, L . (2000). Metaphoric structuring: Understanding time through spatial metaphors. Cognition, 75(1), 1-28. |
[13] | Boroditsky, L . (2001). Does language shape thought? Mandarin and English speakers' conceptions of time. Cognitive Psychology, 43(1), 1-22. |
[14] | Boroditsky, L . (2011). How languages construct time. In S. Dehaene & E. Brannon (Eds.), Space, time and number in the brain: Searching for the foundations of mathematical thought ( pp. 333-341). San Diego, CA: Elsevier. |
[15] | Boroditsky, L., Fuhrman, O., & McCormick, K . (2011). Do English and Mandarin speakers think about time differently? Cognition, 118(1), 123-129. |
[16] | Bottini, R., Crepaldi, D., Casasanto, D., Crollen, V., & Collignon, O . (2015). Space and time in the sighted and blind. Cognition, 141, 67-72. |
[17] | Bueti, D., & Walsh, V . (2009). The parietal cortex and the representation of time, space, number and other magnitudes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 364(1525), 1831-1840. |
[18] | Buzsáki, G., & Llinás, R . (2017). Space and time in the brain. Science, 358(6362), 482-485. |
[19] | Casasanto, D . (2008). Who's afraid of the big bad Whorf? Crosslinguistic differences in temporal language and thought. Language Learning, 58, 63-79. |
[20] | Casasanto, D., & Boroditsky, L . (2008). Time in the mind: Using space to think about time. Cognition, 106(2), 579-593. |
[21] | Casasanto, D., & Bottini, R . (2014). Mirror reading can reverse the flow of time. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143(2), 473-479. |
[22] | Chan, T. T., & Bergen, B . (2005). Writing direction influences spatial cognition. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 27, 412-417. |
[23] | Danckert, J., Ferber, S., Pun, C., Broderick, C., Striemer, C., Rock, S., & Stewart, D . (2007). Neglected time: Impaired temporal perception of multi-second intervals in unilateral neglect. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 19(10), 1706-1720. |
[24] | de la Fuente, J., Santiago, J., Román, A., Dumitrache, C., & Casasanto, D . (2014). When you think about it, your past is in front of you: How culture shapes spatial conceptions of time. Psychological Science, 25(9), 1682-1690. |
[25] | de la Vega, I., Eikmeier, V., Ulrich, R., & Kaup, B . (2016). The mental timeline in a crossed-hands paradigm. Experimental Psychology, 63(6), 326-332. |
[26] | Ding, X., Cheng, X., Fan, Z., & Liu, H . (2015). Is elapsing time really recoded into spatial linear representation in working memory? Experimental Psychology, 62(1), 1-9. |
[27] | Ding, X., Feng, N., Cheng, X., Liu, H., & Fan, Z . (2015). Are past and future symmetric in mental time line? Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 208-215. |
[28] | Eikmeier, V., Alex-Ruf, S., Maienborn, C., & Ulrich, R . (2015). How strongly linked are mental time and space along the left-right axis? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 41(6), 1878-1883. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000129URL |
[29] | Eikmeier, V., Hoppe, D., & Ulrich, R . (2015). Response mode does not modulate the space-time congruency effect: Evidence for a space-time mapping at a conceptual level. Acta Psychologica, 156, 162-167. |
[30] | Eikmeier, V., Schröter, H., Maienborn, C., Alex-Ruf, S., & Ulrich, R . (2013). Dimensional overlap between time and space. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 20(6), 1120-1125. |
[31] | Fischer, M. H . (2008). Finger counting habits modulate spatial-numerical associations. Cortex, 44(4), 386-392. |
[32] | Fuhrman, O., & Boroditsky, L . (2010). Cross-cultural differences in mental representations of time: Evidence from an implicit nonlinguistic task. Cognitive Science, 34(8), 1430-1451. |
[33] | Fuhrman, O., McCormick, K., Chen, E., Jiang, H., Shu, D., Mao, S., & Boroditsky, L . (2011). How linguistic and cultural forces shape conceptions of time: English and Mandarin time in 3D. Cognitive Science, 35(7), 1305-1328. |
[34] | Gallese, V., & Lakoff, G . (2005). The brain's concepts: The role of the sensory-motor system in conceptual knowledge. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 22(3/4), 455-479. |
[35] | Glenberg, A. M., & Kaschak, M. P . (2002). Grounding language in action. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 9(3), 558-565. |
[36] | Hartmann, M., Martarelli, C. S., Mast, F. W., & Stocker, K . (2014). Eye movements during mental time travel follow a diagonal line. Consciousness and Cognition, 30, 201-209. |
[37] | Hartmann, M., & Mast, F. W . (2012). Moving along the mental time line influences the processing of future related words. Consciousness and Cognition, 21(3), 1558-1562. |
[38] | Haspelmath, M . (1997). From Space to Time: Temporal Adverbials in the World’s Languages. München: Newcastle. |
[39] | Kong, F., & You, X . (2012). Space-time compatibility effects in the auditory modality. Experimental Psychology, 59(2), 82-87. |
[40] | Lai, V. T., & Boroditsky, L .(2013). The immediate and chronic influence of spatio-temporal metaphors on the mental representations of time in English, Mandarin, and Mandarin-English speakers. Frontiers in Psychology, 4(5), 142-151. |
[41] | Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M . (1980). The metaphorical structure of the human conceptual system. Cognitive Science, 4(2), 195-208. |
[42] | Landau, M. J., Meier, B. P., & Keefer, L. A . (2010). A metaphor-enriched social cognition. Psychological Bulletin, 136(6), 1045-1067. |
[43] | Levinson, S. C., & Majid, A . (2013). The island of time: Yélî Dnye, the language of Rossel Island. Frontiers in Psychology, 4(2), 61-71. |
[44] | Martarelli, C. S., Mast, F. W., & Hartmann, M . (2017). Time in the eye of the beholder: Gaze position reveals spatial- temporal associations during encoding and memory retrieval of future and past. Memory & Cognition, 45(1), 40-48. |
[45] | Miles, L. K., Tan, L., Noble, G. D., Lumsden, J., & Macrae, C. N . (2011). Can a mind have two time lines? Exploring space-time mapping in Mandarin and English speakers. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 18(3), 598-604. |
[46] | Nava, E., Rinaldi, L., Bulf, H., & Macchi Cassia, V . (2017). Visual and proprioceptive feedback differently modulate the spatial representation of number and time in children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 161, 161-177. |
[47] | Núñez, R. E., Cooperrider, K., Doan, D., & Wassmann, J . (2012). Contours of time: Topographic construals of past, present, and future in the Yupno valley of Papua New Guinea. Cognition, 124(1), 25-35. |
[48] | Núñez, R. E., & Sweetser, E . (2006). With the future behind them: Convergent evidence from Aymara language and gesture in the crosslinguistic comparison of spatial construals of time. Cognitive Science, 30, 401-450. doi: 10.1207/s15516709cog0000_62URL |
[49] | Oliveri, M., Koch, G., Salerno, S., Torriero, S., Gerfo, E. L., & Caltagirone, C . (2009). Representation of time intervals in the right posterior parietal cortex: Implications for a mental time line. NeuroImage, 46(4), 1173-1179. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.03.042URL |
[50] | Ouellet, M., Román, A., & Santiago, J . (2012). A multisensory interaction effect in the conceptual realm of time. Experimental Psychology, 59(4), 236-242. doi: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000148URL |
[51] | Ouellet, M., Santiago, J., Israeli, Z., & Gabay, S . (2010). Is the future the right time? Experimental Psychology, 57(4), 308-314. |
[52] | Pitt, B., & Casasanto, D . (2014). Experiential origins of the mental number line. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 36, 1174-1179. |
[53] | Pitt, B., Scales, K., & Casasanto, D . (2018). Time and numbers on the fingers: Dissociating the mental timeline and mental number line. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 40, 890-895. |
[54] | Proctor, R. W., & Cho, Y. S . (2006). Polarity correspondence: A general principle for performance of speeded binary classification tasks. Psychological Bulletin, 132(3), 416-442. |
[55] | Radden, G . (2003). The metaphor time as space across languages. Zeitschrift für Interkulturellen Fremdsprachenunterricht, 8(2/3), 226-239. |
[56] | Rinaldi, L., Brugger, P., Bockisch, C. J., Bertolini, G., & Girelli, L . (2015). Keeping an eye on serial order: Ocular movements bind space and time. Cognition, 142, 291-298. |
[57] | Rinaldi, L., Locati, F., Parolin, L., Bernardi, N. F., & Girelli, L . (2016). Walking on a mental time line: Temporal processing affects step movements along the sagittal space. Cortex, 78, 170-173. |
[58] | Rinaldi, L., Vecchi, T., Fantino, M., Merabet, L. B., & Cattaneo, Z . (2018). The ego-moving metaphor of time relies on visual experience: No representation of time along the sagittal space in the blind. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 147(3), 444-450. |
[59] | Rolke, B., Fernández, S. R., Schmid, M., Walker, M., Lachmair, M., López, J. J. R., .. Vázquez, C . (2013). Priming the mental time-line: Effects of modality and processing mode. Cognitive Processing, 14(3), 231-244. doi: 10.1007/s10339-013-0537-5URL |
[60] | Santiago, J., & Lakens, D . (2015). Can conceptual congruency effects between number, time, and space be accounted for by polarity correspondence? Acta Psychologica, 156, 179-191. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2014.09.016URL |
[61] | Sell, A. J., & Kaschak, M. P . (2011). Processing time shifts affects the execution of motor responses. Brain and Language, 117(1), 39-44. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2010.07.003URL |
[62] | Tillman, K. A., Tulagan, N., Fukuda, E., & Barner, D . (2018). The mental timeline is gradually constructed in childhood. Developmental Science, 21, 3879-3884. |
[63] | Tversky, B . (2011). Visualizing thought. Topics in Cognitive Science, 3(3), 499-535. doi: 10.1111/j.1756-8765.2010.01113.xURL |
[64] | Ulrich, R., Eikmeier, V., de la Vega, I., Fernández, S. R., Alex-Ruf, S., & Maienborn, C . (2012). With the past behind and the future ahead: Back-to-front representation of past and future sentences. Memory & Cognition, 40(3), 483-495. |
[65] | Ulrich, R., & Maienborn, C . (2010). Left-right coding of past and future in language: The mental timeline during sentence processing. Cognition, 117(2), 126-138. |
[66] | Vallesi, A., Weisblatt, Y., Semenza, C., & Shaki, S . (2014). Cultural modulations of space-time compatibility effects. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21(3), 666-669. doi: 10.3758/s13423-013-0540-yURL |
[67] | Vannucci, M., Pelagatti, C., Chiorri, C., & Brugger, P . (2019). Space-time interaction: Visuo-spatial processing affects the temporal focus of mind wandering. Psychological Research, 83, 698-709. doi: 10.1007/s00426-018-1080-xURL |
[68] | von Sobbe, L., Scheifele, E., Maienborn, C., & Ulrich, R . (2019). The space-time congruency effect: A meta- analysis. Cognitive Science, 43(1), e12709. |
[69] | Walker, E., Bergen, B., & Núñez, R . (2013). Later events lie behind her, but not behind you: Compatibility effects for temporal sequences along the sagittal axis depend on perspective. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 35, 3729-3734. |
[70] | Walker, E. J., Bergen, B. K., & Núñez, R . (2017). The spatial alignment of time: Differences in alignment of deictic and sequence time along the sagittal and lateral axes. Acta Psychologica, 175, 13-20. |
[71] | Winter, B., Matlock, T., Shaki, S., & Fischer, M. H . (2015). Mental number space in three dimensions. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 57, 209-219. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.09.005URL |
[72] | Xiao, C., Zhao, M., & Chen, L . (2017). Both earlier times and the future are “front”: The distinction between time- and ego-reference-points in Mandarin speakers’ temporal representation. Cognitive Science, 42(3), 1026-1040. |
相关文章 15
[1] | 刘炜, 郑鹏, 谷淇, 王春辉, 赵亚军. 三数值加工系统假说:数值加工机制新探[J]. 心理科学进展, 2021, 29(9): 1607-1616. |
[2] | 张晶, 李伟贺, 史燕伟, 张南, 马红宇. 工作反刍及其“双刃剑”效应[J]. 心理科学进展, 2020, 28(2): 358-367. |
[3] | 刘玉新, 陈晨, 朱楠, 张建卫, 王帅. 何以近朱者赤、近墨者黑?特质激活理论的缘起、现状和未来[J]. 心理科学进展, 2020, 28(1): 161-177. |
[4] | 王弘钰, 崔智淞, 邹纯龙, 于佳利, 赵迪. 忠诚还是叛逆?中国组织情境下的员工越轨创新行为[J]. 心理科学进展, 2019, 27(6): 975-989. |
[5] | 荆伟, 刘仔琴. 孤独症者面孔加工中眼部注视不足, 是回避还是忽视?[J]. 心理科学进展, 2018, 26(3): 476-487. |
[6] | 周临舒, 赵怀阳, 蒋存梅. 音乐表演训练对神经可塑性的影响:元分析研究[J]. 心理科学进展, 2017, 25(11): 1877-1887. |
[7] | 江荣焕;李晓东. 错误记忆的发展性逆转:为什么越长大越易“错”?[J]. 心理科学进展, 2015, 23(8): 1371-1379. |
[8] | 侠牧;李雪榴;李红;杨柯. 左前额叶与趋近动机加工的关系[J]. 心理科学进展, 2015, 23(5): 815-821. |
[9] | 杨群, 张清芳. 口语产生中的认知年老化及其神经机制[J]. 心理科学进展, 2015, 23(12): 2072-2084. |
[10] | 王建明, 吴龙昌. 亲环境行为研究中情感的类别、维度及其作用机理[J]. 心理科学进展, 2015, 23(12): 2153-2166. |
[11] | 贺雯;孙亚文;罗俊龙. 元刻板印象及其对群际关系的作用[J]. 心理科学进展, 2014, 22(8): 1294-1302. |
[12] | 李雨;舒华. 默认网络的神经机制、功能假设及临床应用[J]. 心理科学进展, 2014, 22(2): 234-249. |
[13] | 伍姗姗;谭金凤;王丽君;陈安涛. 阈下语义启动效应影响因素述评[J]. 心理科学进展, 2013, 21(4): 626-636. |
[14] | 王小娟;杨剑峰. 视觉词汇加工的动态神经网络及其形成[J]. 心理科学进展, 2013, 21(2): 199-204. |
[15] | 殷融;曲方炳;叶浩生. 具身概念表征的研究及理论述评[J]. 心理科学进展, 2012, 20(9): 1372-1381. |
PDF全文下载地址:
http://journal.psych.ac.cn/xlkxjz/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=5054