), 朱楠1, 张建卫2, 王帅1 1对外经济贸易大学国际商学院, 北京 100029
2北京理工大学人文与社会科学学院, 北京 100081
收稿日期:2019-01-27出版日期:2020-01-15发布日期:2019-11-21基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(71373020、71271055);北京市教育科学“十三五”规划重点课题(BAEA18043);对外经济贸易大学国内外联合培养研究生项目、对外经济贸易大学研究生科研创新基金(201931)How does “one takes on the attributes of one's associates”? The past, present, and future of Trait Activation Theory
LIU Yuxin1, CHEN Chen1(), ZHU Nan1, ZHANG Jianwei2, WANG Shuai1 1 Business School, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, China
2 School of Humanities and Social Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Received:2019-01-27Online:2020-01-15Published:2019-11-21摘要/Abstract
摘要： 特质激活理论旨在阐明适宜的外部情境如何激活个体的内在特质, 以及这种激活如何促使潜藏的隐性特质表达出显性的行为。文章综述了特质激活理论, 剖析了其从思想诞生到基准模型, 再到拓展模型的两次飞跃, 重点阐释了情境分层、情境特征、激活后果的反馈等系统, 辨析了特质激活的内涵及其与“人-环境”匹配理论、与情境强度理论的异同, 从深化验证、拓展现有理论模型等视角提出未来研究走向。
图/表 4
图1特质激活和特质激活理论研究发展趋势图
图1特质激活和特质激活理论研究发展趋势图表1五种情境特征的划分标准及其对“特质-行为/绩效”关系的影响一览表
| 情境特征 划分标准 | 对“特质-行为/ 绩效”关系的影响 | 情境特征分类 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 要求 | 干扰 | 限制 | 释放 | 催化 | ||
| 发生频次 | 关系的稳定性 | 频发 | 频发 | 频发 | 偶发 | 偶发 |
| 激活状态 | 关系强度 | 直接增强 | 直接增强 | 直接减弱 | 直接增强 | 间接影响1 |
| 行为评估的价值 | 关系方向 | 正向 | 负向 | 正/负 | 正/负 | 正/负 |
表1五种情境特征的划分标准及其对“特质-行为/绩效”关系的影响一览表
| 情境特征 划分标准 | 对“特质-行为/ 绩效”关系的影响 | 情境特征分类 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 要求 | 干扰 | 限制 | 释放 | 催化 | ||
| 发生频次 | 关系的稳定性 | 频发 | 频发 | 频发 | 偶发 | 偶发 |
| 激活状态 | 关系强度 | 直接增强 | 直接增强 | 直接减弱 | 直接增强 | 间接影响1 |
| 行为评估的价值 | 关系方向 | 正向 | 负向 | 正/负 | 正/负 | 正/负 |
图2“特质激活理论”拓展模型图 注：KSA是对个体的知识(Knowledge), 技能(Skill)和能力(Ability)的统称。 资料来源：Tett, R. P., Simonet, D. V., Walser, B., & Brown, C. (2013). Trait activation theory: Applications, developments, and implications for person-workplace fit. In N. D. Christiansen & R. P. Tett (Eds.), Handbook of personality at work (pp. 71-100). New York, NY: Routledge.
图2“特质激活理论”拓展模型图 注：KSA是对个体的知识(Knowledge), 技能(Skill)和能力(Ability)的统称。 资料来源：Tett, R. P., Simonet, D. V., Walser, B., & Brown, C. (2013). Trait activation theory: Applications, developments, and implications for person-workplace fit. In N. D. Christiansen & R. P. Tett (Eds.), Handbook of personality at work (pp. 71-100). New York, NY: Routledge.
图3素质激活模型 资料来源：基于Tett, R. P., & Burnett, D. D. (2003). A personality trait-based interactionist model of job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(3), 500-517, 作者将其与素质冰山模型(McClelland, 1973)进行了有机整合。
图3素质激活模型 资料来源：基于Tett, R. P., & Burnett, D. D. (2003). A personality trait-based interactionist model of job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(3), 500-517, 作者将其与素质冰山模型(McClelland, 1973)进行了有机整合。参考文献 98
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