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区分适应性自恋和非适应性自恋:多视角的证据

本站小编 Free考研考试/2022-01-01
余震坤, 刘云芝, 罗宇, 蔡华俭
中国科学院大学心理学系, 北京 100049
收稿日期:2018-04-10出版日期:2019-01-15发布日期:2018-11-23


基金资助:* 本文系2017年度国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“中国社会变迁过程中的文化与心理变化” 的阶段性成果(17ZDA324)

Adaptive narcissism and maladaptive narcissism: Diverse evidences for the distinction

YU Zhenkun, LIU Yunzhi, LUO Yu, CAI Huajian
Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Received:2018-04-10Online:2019-01-15Published:2018-11-23







摘要/Abstract


摘要： 近40年来, 正常人的自恋得到了越来越多的关注.日益增加的证据显示正常人的自恋可以按照适应功能进一步区分为适应性自恋和非适应性自恋两类.本文对揭示两类自恋差异的证据进行了全面梳理, 包括二者的成分构成,适应功能,人格基础,发展规律和遗传基础.这些结果促进了对自恋复杂性的认识, 加深了对现有研究的理解, 同时也突出了未来区分二者的重要性.将来需要从理论上进一步澄清二者的差异, 编制相应的量表, 探讨二者在其它方面的不同, 特别是二者是否具有不同的神经基础.


表1自恋的不同因素模型
因素模型 因素内容
四因素模型 剥削性/特权感(Exploitativeness/Entitlement),领导力/权威(Leadership/Authority),优越性/自大(Superiority/Arrogance)和自我吸引/自我崇拜(Self-Absorption/ Self-Admiration) (Emmons, 1984, 1987)
七因素模型 权威(Authority),自我满足(Self-Sufficiency),优越感(Superiority),自我表现(Exhibitionism),剥削性(Exploitativeness),虚荣(Vanity)和特权感(Entitlement) (Raskin & Terry, 1988)
二因素模型 权利(Power)和自我表现(Exhibitionism) (Kubarych, Deary, & Austin, 2004)
自我表现(Exhibitionism)和特权感(Entitlement) (Corry, Merritt, Mrug, & Pamp, 2008)
三因素模型 权力(Power),自我表现(Exhibitionism)和特殊感(Specialness) (Kubarych et al., 2004)
领导力/权威(Leadership /Authority),自夸/自我表现(Grandiose/Exhibitionism)和特权感/剥削性(Entitlement / Exploitativeness) (Ackerman et al., 2011)

表1自恋的不同因素模型
因素模型 因素内容
四因素模型 剥削性/特权感(Exploitativeness/Entitlement),领导力/权威(Leadership/Authority),优越性/自大(Superiority/Arrogance)和自我吸引/自我崇拜(Self-Absorption/ Self-Admiration) (Emmons, 1984, 1987)
七因素模型 权威(Authority),自我满足(Self-Sufficiency),优越感(Superiority),自我表现(Exhibitionism),剥削性(Exploitativeness),虚荣(Vanity)和特权感(Entitlement) (Raskin & Terry, 1988)
二因素模型 权利(Power)和自我表现(Exhibitionism) (Kubarych, Deary, & Austin, 2004)
自我表现(Exhibitionism)和特权感(Entitlement) (Corry, Merritt, Mrug, & Pamp, 2008)
三因素模型 权力(Power),自我表现(Exhibitionism)和特殊感(Specialness) (Kubarych et al., 2004)
领导力/权威(Leadership /Authority),自夸/自我表现(Grandiose/Exhibitionism)和特权感/剥削性(Entitlement / Exploitativeness) (Ackerman et al., 2011)







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