) 中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室; 中国科学院心理研究所人格与社会心理研究中心, 北京 100101
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
收稿日期:2017-10-23出版日期:2018-12-15发布日期:2018-10-30通讯作者:蔡华俭E-mail:caihj@psych.ac.cn基金资助:*本文系2017年度国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“中国社会变迁过程中的文化与心理变化” 的阶段性成果(17ZDA324)The concept of future self-continuity and its effects
LIU Yunzhi, YANG Ziyan, WANG Yuqi, CHEN Jun, CAI Huajian() Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Center for Personality and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Received:2017-10-23Online:2018-12-15Published:2018-10-30Contact:CAI Huajian E-mail:caihj@psych.ac.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 一个人将现在自我和未来自我联系在一起的紧密程度反映了他/她在时间维度上自我连续性的强度, 即未来自我连续性。个体如何看待其现在自我与未来自我之间的连续和一致程度对个体的心理和行为有重要的影响, 特别是在跨期决策、储蓄和消费、学业成就领域、社会行为和健康领域等方面。未来研究可深入探讨未来自我连续性的神经基础及其影响因素, 并进一步拓展未来自我连续性相关的应用研究。
图/表 3
图1未来自我连续性模型(其中虚线代表待检验的关系) (Hershfield, 2011)
图1未来自我连续性模型(其中虚线代表待检验的关系) (Hershfield, 2011)
图2未来自我连续性问卷图示(改编自Hershfield et al., 2009a)
图2未来自我连续性问卷图示(改编自Hershfield et al., 2009a) 表1未来自我连续性的操纵及结果
| 参考文献 | 操纵方式 | 关键结果 | 结果测量 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bartels & | 阅读任务 实验组：阅读曲折变化的人物经历 控制组：阅读变化较少的人物经历 | 时间折扣 | 跨期决策任务 |
| Bartels & | 阅读任务 实验组：自我认同是不变的 控制组：自我认同随时间变化 | 时间折扣 | 跨期决策任务 |
| 书写任务 实验组：想象并描述现在自我与10年后的未来自我之间的相似处 控制组：想象并描述10年后的世界 | 不道德行为 | 自我报告不适当谈判策略量表 (Self- reported inappropriate negotiation strategies scale II,SINS II, | |
| 书写任务 实验组：给20年后的自己写信 控制组：给3个月后的自己写信 | 社会不良行为 | 情景想象任务 | |
| 书写任务 实验组：想象并描述现在自我与5年后的未来自我之间的相似处 控制组：想象并描述未来自我与现在自我之间的不同 | 亲社会行为 | 为公益组织捐款 | |
| 书写任务 实验组：给20年后的自己写信 控制组：给3个月后的自己写信 | 健康行为 | 日记记录的锻炼时长 | |
| 互动任务 实验组：采用浸入式虚拟现实技术, 让被试与老年时的自己互动 控制组：与现在的自己互动 | 时间折扣储蓄 | 时间折扣任务 ( | |
| 互动任务 实验组：跟随音频材料进行未来想象 控制组：跟随音频材料进行关注现在的冥想 | 拖延行为 | 拖延的多维测量 (Haghbin’ Multidimensional Measure of Procratination, MMoP) | |
| 互动任务 实验组：在Facebook上与未来自我交流7天 控住组：在Facebook上与现在自我交流7天 | 社会不良行为 | 自我报告的不良行为, 如逃学 |
表1未来自我连续性的操纵及结果
| 参考文献 | 操纵方式 | 关键结果 | 结果测量 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bartels & | 阅读任务 实验组：阅读曲折变化的人物经历 控制组：阅读变化较少的人物经历 | 时间折扣 | 跨期决策任务 |
| Bartels & | 阅读任务 实验组：自我认同是不变的 控制组：自我认同随时间变化 | 时间折扣 | 跨期决策任务 |
| 书写任务 实验组：想象并描述现在自我与10年后的未来自我之间的相似处 控制组：想象并描述10年后的世界 | 不道德行为 | 自我报告不适当谈判策略量表 (Self- reported inappropriate negotiation strategies scale II,SINS II, | |
| 书写任务 实验组：给20年后的自己写信 控制组：给3个月后的自己写信 | 社会不良行为 | 情景想象任务 | |
| 书写任务 实验组：想象并描述现在自我与5年后的未来自我之间的相似处 控制组：想象并描述未来自我与现在自我之间的不同 | 亲社会行为 | 为公益组织捐款 | |
| 书写任务 实验组：给20年后的自己写信 控制组：给3个月后的自己写信 | 健康行为 | 日记记录的锻炼时长 | |
| 互动任务 实验组：采用浸入式虚拟现实技术, 让被试与老年时的自己互动 控制组：与现在的自己互动 | 时间折扣储蓄 | 时间折扣任务 ( | |
| 互动任务 实验组：跟随音频材料进行未来想象 控制组：跟随音频材料进行关注现在的冥想 | 拖延行为 | 拖延的多维测量 (Haghbin’ Multidimensional Measure of Procratination, MMoP) | |
| 互动任务 实验组：在Facebook上与未来自我交流7天 控住组：在Facebook上与现在自我交流7天 | 社会不良行为 | 自我报告的不良行为, 如逃学 |
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