), 张艳红1, 吴漾3, 杨林川4 1 江大学教育学院, 荆州 434023
2 中师范大学心理学院, 武汉 430079
3 中科技大学马克思主义学院, 武汉 430074
4 峡大学高等教育研究所, 宜昌 443002
收稿日期:2017-08-21出版日期:2018-07-15发布日期:2018-05-29通讯作者:佐斌E-mail:zuobin@mail.ccnu.edu.cn基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(31571147);国家自然科学基金项目(31400903);国家社会科学基金青年项目(13CSH078);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(17YJC190028);湖北省教育科学规划2017年度一般课题(2017GB003);湖北省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地三峡大学水库移民研究中心开放基金项目(2016KF10);华中师范大学中央高校科研重大培育项目(CCNU15Z02001);长江大学博士科研启动项目(801230010115)Cross-categorization and its influence on stereotyping
YAN Lei1, ZUO Bin2(), ZHANG Yanhong1, WU Yang3, YANG Linchuan4 1 School of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
2 School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
3 School of Marxism, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
4 Research Institute of Higher Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
Received:2017-08-21Online:2018-07-15Published:2018-05-29Contact:ZUO Bin E-mail:zuobin@mail.ccnu.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 社会分类(分类)是群体认知和印象评价的依据, 交叉分类作为一种认知过程, 是指在知觉或评价他人时, 同时在两个或多个类别维度上进行社会分类, 形成在多个类别维度上内外群体身份的交叉。研究发现交叉分类既可以降低刻板印象, 也可以增强刻板印象。对此, 类别化视角的解释强调群体身份的作用, 而个体化视角的解释强调多重类别背景下去类别化的作用。现有的研究在如何理解并考察这一影响的不同方向上仍存在分歧, 同时, 也未能认识到刻板印象对于个体认知与认同的意义, 存在明显不足。今后的研究应重点探讨类别化视角的动机与认知过程, 个体化视角的优势类别与加工方式, 以及以自我归类为基础的整合。
图/表 2
表1年龄和性别交叉分类后的四类次级群体
| 女性(I) | 男性(O) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 年轻人(I) | 老年人(O) | 年轻人(I) | 老年人(O) |
| 年轻女性(II) | 老年女性(IO) | 年轻男性(OI) | 老年男性(OO) |
表1年龄和性别交叉分类后的四类次级群体
| 女性(I) | 男性(O) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 年轻人(I) | 老年人(O) | 年轻人(I) | 老年人(O) |
| 年轻女性(II) | 老年女性(IO) | 年轻男性(OI) | 老年男性(OO) |
图1不同的分类水平与多元类别(资料来源：Crisp, 2010)
图1不同的分类水平与多元类别(资料来源：Crisp, 2010)参考文献 60
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