1.State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China 2.Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Fund Project:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61574153).
Received Date:22 March 2019
Accepted Date:27 May 2019
Available Online:01 August 2019
Published Online:20 August 2019
Abstract:The static random access memory (SRAM), as a common and important high-speed storage module in modern digital circuit systems, plays an important role in improving the performances of electronic systems. The data about the total ionizing dose (TID) radiation effect of SRAM cell have not been rich in the literature so far. In this work, a novel 6-transistor SRAM cell (6T LB SRAM cell) based on L-type gate body-contact (LB) MOSFET device is designed and fabricated by 130nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) process. The LB MOSFET follows the center-symmetric layout design of the SRAM cell, reducing the area by approximately 22% compared with the SRAM cell using the T-type gate MOSFET contact device (6T TB SRAM cell) of the same device size. The electrical performance difference between LB MOSFET and other devices is compared. Besides this, the variations of the leakage current and the reading static noise margin (RSNM) of SRAM cells based on different MOSFETs under various total ionizing doses are also investigated. The test results indicate that the LB MOS successfully suppresses the floating body effect (FBE), and that the drain-induced barrier lowing (DIBL) and drain-to-source breakdown voltage (BVds) characteristics are improved. The performance of this device is similar to that of TB MOS device, but due to the special body contact design, the former has an advantage of smaller area. Due to the use of the body contact device, the leakage current of the 6T LB SRAM cell is significantly smaller than that of the conventional floating device SRAM cell (6T FB SRAM cell), which has lower static power consumption. After 60Co-γ ray irradiation, the 700 krad(Si) radiation dose only increases the leakage current of 6T LB SRAM cell by 21.9%, which is better than 41.4% of 6T FB SRAM cell. In addition, the 6T LB SRAM cell has an RSNM value similar to that of the 6T TB SRAM cell, and this is 1.93 times higher than the that of 6T FB SRAM cell. The radiation experiment causes the butterfly curve of the 6T FB SRAM cell to be asymmetrically deformed, and the stability of the SRAM cell is deteriorated due to the TID effect. However, the test results show that when the radiation dose reaches 700 krad (Si), the RSNM value of the 6T LB SRAM cell is reduced only by 11.2%. Therefore, 6T LB SRAM cell has stable and reliable practical value. Keywords:static random access memory cell/ total ionizing dose effects/ silicon-on-insulator/ body-contact
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2.1.器件结构
MOS器件结构直接影响着静态随机存储器单元的各方面性能. 针对SOI工艺的特点, 本文选择了具有代表性的传统浮体(floating body, FB)场效应晶体管和T型栅体接触(T-gate body-contact, TB)场效应晶体管, 如图1(a)和图1(b)所示. 由于静态随机存储器单元的版图一般采用中心对称的结构, 同时考虑到面积作为静态随机存储器设计的重要指标, 于是本文采用了一种L型栅体接触场效应晶体管设计制备了具有紧凑版图结构的6T LB SRAM cell. 图1(c)为该LB MOS器件的N型器件3维示意图. 以LB NMOS器件为例, 该器件通过重掺杂P型硅将P型体区引出, 而重掺杂P型硅又与器件的N型源区紧密接触. 如图1(f)所示, 硅的金属工艺步骤将在源区与体区硅表面形成CoSi2硅化物, 该硅化物实现了源区与体区互连的源体接触结构. 硅表面形成CoSi2硅化物是半导体工艺中常见的步骤, 通常该工艺的目的在于增加MOS器件有源区和栅极的导电性能. 该LB MOS器件遵守传统SOI CMOS工艺版图设计规则, 不需要添加额外的掩模版或其他复杂工艺, 可以实现较好的源体接触. 图 1 (a) FB NMOS版图; (b) TB NMOS版图; (c) LB NMOS 3维示意图; (d) LB PMOS版图; (e) LB NMOS版图; (f) LB NMOS器件沿(e)图线A-A'截取的器件横截面图 Figure1. (a) The layout of FB SOI nMOSFET; (b) the layout of TB SOI nMOSFET; (c) the LB nMOSFET 3-dimensional schematic; (d) the layout of LB pMOSFET; (e) the layout of LB nMOSFET; (f) a cross-sectional view of LB nMOSFET is taken along line A-A' in (e).