Spatial and temporal variations of frozen ground and its vegetation response in the eastern segment of China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor from 2000 to 2015
LIU Zhenhai,1, WANG Shaoqiang1,2,3, CHEN Bin,21. School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 2. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China 3. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
The Science and Technology Strategic Pilot of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.XDA20030203 Scientific Research Foundation of China University of Geosciences.162301192642
作者简介 About authors 刘侦海(1996-), 男, 山东菏泽人, 硕士生, 主要从事生态系统变化与生态模拟相关研究。E-mail: lzhzlw@cug.edu.cn
Abstract The eastern segment of the China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor is situated in the overlap region of the southeast margin of Eurasia permafrost region and the southern border of the tree line, where fragile frozen ground and ecosystems have been maintained. In this study, we analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution and annual change of frozen ground, leaf area index (LAI), and the vegetation green-up data in the eastern China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor from 2000 to 2015 based on the MERRA-Land data product, GLOBMAP LAI, and MODIS EVI dataset. The main controlling environmental factors of the green-up date and the status of vegetation growth in the different periods over a year were calculated by grey correlation analysis, and then the response of vegetation growth in typical areas to the freezing-thawing changes of the frozen ground was analyzed. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows. (1) In the past 16 years, permafrost and seasonal frost in the eastern China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor was persistently and significantly degraded, which was mainly reflected by the early thawing and delayed freezing of the frozen ground in time, and manifested as the disappearance of permafrost and the uplift of the lower limit of seasonal frost in the southern isolated permafrost, and the thickening of the active layer in the southern continuous permafrost in space. (2) In about 48% of forest areas, the onset day of frozen ground melting is the main factor affecting the start of vegetation greening season. The growth situation of vegetation in forest areas is altered by the soil water from thawing frozen ground and the hydrothermal mechanisms of peatland. (3) With the transition from forest and peatland to meadow or farmland, the frozen ground degrades and in turn further facilitates the fade of peatland. Exploring the synergetic relationship between the degradation of frozen ground and the ecological environment is helpful to identify the vulnerable regions of degrading frozen ground and the sensitive regions of the ecological environment under the influence of climate warming and human activities. Keywords:eastern China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor;ground freeze-thawing process;vegetation growth;gray correlation analysis
PDF (5442KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 刘侦海, 王绍强, 陈斌. 2000—2015年中蒙俄经济走廊东段冻土时空变化及植被响应. 地理学报[J], 2021, 76(5): 1231-1244 doi:10.11821/dlxb202105014 LIU Zhenhai, WANG Shaoqiang, CHEN Bin. Spatial and temporal variations of frozen ground and its vegetation response in the eastern segment of China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor from 2000 to 2015. Acta Geographica Sinice[J], 2021, 76(5): 1231-1244 doi:10.11821/dlxb202105014
注:基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2020)4623号标准地图制作,底图无修改。 Fig. 1Land cover types and permafrost extent for the eastern segment of China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor
2.2 数据来源和评价
2.2.1 MERRA-Land陆面模式离线数据 本文基于MERRA-Land(Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications)陆面模式离线运行产品[14]分析中蒙俄经济走廊东段土壤冻融的时空变化及其对植被生长和物候期的影响。MERRA-Land的空间分辨率为1.5°经度×0.5°纬度,将土壤温度分为6层(0~10 cm、10~30 cm、30~70 cm、70~150 cm、1.5~3.0 m和3.0~13.0 m);土壤湿度分为2层,即表层(2 cm)和根区层(0.75~1.0 m)[14]。
根据2000—2015年的MERRA-Land多层土壤温度数据,在中蒙俄经济走廊东段,各土壤层的年均冻土区总面积均逐年减小,平均减小速率为0.16×105 km2 a-1(图2b)。各层每日同期冻土区总面积减少的发生时间段主要分布在每年第50~150日(约3—5月份)及第250~350日(约9—11月份)。该时间范围分别为各土壤层的解冻期和冻结期(图2a)。同时,研究区平均解冻始日提前速率为0.51 d a-1,平均冻结始日延后速率为0.37 d a-1。解冻始日提前和冻结始日延后使冻土提前解冻、延迟冻结,导致解冻期及冻结期的同期冻土区总面积减小。
Fig. 2The rate of inter-annual variation in the areal extent of daily frozen ground in the eastern segment of China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor from 2000 to 2015
注:基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2020)4623号标准地图制作,底图无修改。 Fig. 3Spatial distribution and variability across the 16 years of the onset of ground thawing date, the thickness of freeze/thaw layer, and lower limit of frozen ground in the eastern segment of China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor from 2000 to 2015
注:基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2020)4623号标准地图制作,底图无修改。 Fig. 4Spatial distribution and interannual variability of the start of vegetation greening season and annual leaf area index (LAI) in the eastern segment of China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor from 2000 to 2015
注:基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2020)4623号标准地图制作,底图无修改;柱状图表示各目标变量的主控要素和次主控要素对应影响变量像元总面积占比 Fig. 5Spatial distribution of main controlling factors in the eastern segment of China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor
Fig. 6The time series of the start of vegetation greening season and the onset of soil thawing and the correlation coefficient between different indexes in the area with the highest gray relational grade between the onset of soil thawing and the start of vegetation greening season in the eastern segment of China-Mongolia-Russia economic corridor
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