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扩行距、缩株距对春玉米冠层结构及产量的影响

本站小编 Free考研考试/2022-01-01
何冬冬1,,
杨恒山1, 2,,,
张玉芹1, 2
1.内蒙古民族大学农学院 通辽 028000
2.内蒙古自治区饲用作物工程技术研究中心 通辽 028000
基金项目: 国家科技支撑计划项目2013BAD07B04
内蒙古自治区硕士研究生科研创新项目S20161013603

详细信息
作者简介:何冬冬, 主要研究方向为玉米高产高效栽培。E-mail:859555463@qq.com
通讯作者:杨恒山, 主要研究方向为玉米高产高效栽培。E-mail:yanghengshan2003@aliyun.com
中图分类号:S513

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出版历程

收稿日期:2017-08-07
录用日期:2017-11-03
刊出日期:2018-03-01

Effects of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage on canopy structure and yield of spring corn

HE Dongdong1,,
YANG Hengshan1, 2,,,
ZHANG Yuqin1, 2
1. College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China
2. Center for Engineering Research on Forage Crops, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao 028000, China
Funds: the National Key Technologies R & D Program of China2013BAD07B04
the Research Innovation Project of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Graduate StudentsS20161013603

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Corresponding author:YANG Hengshan, E-mail:yanghengshan2003@aliyun.com


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摘要
摘要:为探究西辽河平原地区玉米扩行距、缩株距密植增产的生理生态机制，本研究以紧凑耐密玉米品种‘农华101’和半紧凑耐密玉米品种‘伟科702’为试验材料，在6×104株·hm-2（D1）、7.5×104株·hm-2（D2）、9×104株·hm-2（D3）密度下，设置扩行距、缩株距（KH，种植行距为100 cm，D1、D2和D3株距分别为16.67 cm、13.33 cm和11.11 cm）和当地农民常规种植（CK，种植行距为60 cm，D1、D2和D3株距分别为27.78 cm、22.22 cm和18.52 cm）2种种植模式，测定玉米吐丝期、乳熟期及完熟期玉米冠层叶面积指数、茎叶夹角、叶向值、透光率和产量及其构成因素，计算叶面积衰减率，研究扩行距、缩株距种植对春玉米产量及冠层结构特性的影响。结果表明，2品种KH种植下产量均显著大于CK，以D2密度下增产最明显；生育后期2品种KH种植下叶面积指数均大于CK，且乳熟期均达显著水平，D2密度下差异最大；2品种KH种植下均表现为上部叶片茎叶夹角较小，叶向值较大，而中部叶片和下部叶片茎叶夹角较大，叶向值较小。2品种KH种植下冠层透光率各层位均大于CK，其中顶层和穗位层均达显著水平；D1密度下，除2015年吐丝期‘伟科702’外均表现为顶层 > 穗位层 > 底层，D2、D3密度下，除2015年乳熟期D3密度下‘伟科702’外均表现为穗位层 > 顶层 > 底层，且以吐丝期D2密度下差异最为明显。综上所述，在较高密度种植下KH种植模式冠层结构更为合理，产量更高；且不同品种对KH种植模式的响应存在差异，其中‘农华101’各层位叶面积指数、茎叶夹角均小于‘伟科702’；各层位叶向值、冠层透光率均大于‘伟科702’；实测产量不同密度下均大于‘伟科702’，在7.5×104株·hm-2密度下产量最大，且‘农华101’较‘伟科702’增产更为明显。
关键词:春玉米/
扩行缩株/
冠层结构/
种植密度/
产量
Abstract:To explore the physiological and ecological mechanisms of expanding line-spacing and shrinking row-spacing for increasing planting density and yield of spring corn in Xiliaohe Plain, a study was conducted with two corn varieties (the compact density-enduring variety 'Nonghua 101' and the semi-compact variety 'Weike 702') with planting densities of 6×104 plants·hm-2 (D1), 7.5×104 plants·hm-2 (D2) and 9×104 plants·hm-2 (D3). Then the conventional cultivation was used as the control treatment (CK) with row-spacing of 60 cm and plant-spacing of 27.78 cm (D1), 22.22 cm (D2) and 18.52 cm (D3). The expanding line-spacing and the shrinking row-spacing mode of cultivation (KH) had row-spacing of 100 cm and plant-spacing of 16.67 cm (D1), 13.33 cm (D2) and 11.11 cm (D3). The leaf area index, stem leaf angle, leaf orientation value, light transmittance of corn canopy at spinning stage, milk-ripe stage and full ripe stage and component factors of yield were determined, and also leaf area attenuation rate was calculated. Then the effects of expanding line-spacing and shrinking row-spacing on spring corn yield and canopy structure were determined. The results showed that the yields of KH treatments were significantly higher than that of CK treatments, where the yield increased most obviously under D2 density. Leaf area index of KH was higher than that of CK at late growth stage, and reached the highest value at milk-ripe stage with the most obvious variation under D2 density. Stem leaf angle of the upper leaves was smaller and with higher leaf orientation value than those of the lower ones. Stem leaf angle of middle and lower leaves were larger but with smaller leaf orientation values than those of the upper ones for 2 varieties under KH treatments. The light transmittances of canopies were higher than those of CK for both varieties under KH plantation mode. For D1 density, light transmittances of canopies of 'Weike 702' was in the order of top layer > spike layer > bottom layer, except in 2015. Under the D2 and D3 densities, light transmittances of canopies of 'Weike 702' was in the order of spike layer > top layer > bottom layer. The differences were most obvious under D2 density, except in 2015. In conclusion, canopy structure of KH planting pattern was more reasonable under higher planting density resulting in higher yield. The responses of different varieties to KH planting pattern were different. Leaf area index and stem leaf angle of 'Nonghua 101' were lower than those of 'Weike 702'. Leaf aspect and canopy transmittance were also higher than those of 'Weike 702'. Measured yields of 'Nonghua 101' under different densities were higher than those of 'Weike 702', and the highest yield was under the 7.5×104 plants·hm-2 planting density. Moreover, yield increase of 'Nonghua 101' was more obvious than that of 'Weike 702'.
Key words:Spring corn/
Line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage/
Canopy structure/
Planting density/
Yield

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图12015年和2016年不同密度扩行缩株(KH)和常规(CK)种植模式下春玉米叶面积衰减率的变化
D1: 6×104株·hm-2; D2: 7.5×104株·hm-2; D3: 9×104株·hm-2。不同小写字母表示同年、同时期、同密度、同品种下不同处理间差异达0.05显著水平。
Figure1.Changes of leaf area attenuation rates of spring corn under planting pattern of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage (KH) and conventional pattern (CK) with different planting densities in 2015 and 2016
D1: 6×104 plants·hm-2; D2: 7.5×104 plants·hm-2; D3: 9×104 plants·hm-2. Different letters show significant differences between KH and CK treatments for the same varieties at same year and growth stage with the same planting density at 0.05 probability level.


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图22015年和2016年扩行缩株(KH)和常规(CK)种植模式下春玉米不同层位叶面积指数的变化
D1: 6×104株·hm-2; D2: 7.5×104株·hm-2; D3: 9×104株·hm-2。不同小写字母表示同年、同时期、同密度、同品种、不同处理间差异达0.05显著水平。
Figure2.Changes of leaf area index of spring corn under planting pattern of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage (KH) and conventional pattern (CK) in 2015 and 2016
D1: 6×104 plants·hm-2; D2: 7.5×104 plants·hm-2; D3: 9×104 plants·hm-2. Different letters show significant differences between KH and CK treatments for the same varieties at same year and growth stage with the same planting density at 0.05 probability level.


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表1扩行缩株(KH)和常规(CK)种植模式下春玉米产量及其构成因素
Table1.Yield and its components of spring corn under the pattern of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage (KH) and conventional pattern (CK)
年份
Year		 种植密度
Plant density
(×104 plants·hm-2)		 品种
Variety		 种植模式
Planting pattern		 有效穗数
Effective spike
(×104 ear·hm-2)		 穗粒数
Grain number per spike		 千粒重
1000-kernel weight
(g)		 实测产量
Actual yield
(t·hm-2)
2015 6 农华?101 NH101 KH 5.57±0.11a 612.55±11.14a 414.94±9.74a 13.99±0.18a
CK 5.37±0.14a 570.31±10.87b 410.77±8.32a 13.08±0.14b
伟科?702 WK702 KH 5.84±0.18a 608.14±10.01a 412.65±10.12a 13.80±0.20a
CK 5.67±0.21a 564.08±12.46b 411.61±8.73a 13.09±0.13b
7.5 农华?101 NH101 KH 6.90±0.11a 566.06±8.76 a 408.22±9.96a 15.18±0.04a
CK 6.97±0.16a 504.52±9.30b 394.80±5.18b 14.08±0.07b
伟科?702 WK702 KH 6.77±0.12a 556.83±9.09a 401.71±8.60a 14.80±0.18a
CK 6.90±0.17a 535.91±10.90b 396.87±9.12a 14.02±0.17b
9 农华?101 NH101 KH 8.37±0.16a 519.80±13.48a 390.87±9.81a 14.90±0.08a
CK 8.38±0.15a 470.14±10.57b 380.52±9.42a 14.34±0.16b
伟科?702 WK702 KH 8.37±0.21a 494.51±10.16a 387.93±10.64a 14.76±0.17a
CK 8.24±0.13a 483.81±9.31a 381.56±11.41a 14.21±0.20b
2016 6 农华?101 NH101 KH 5.53±0.18a 607.71±9.62a 409.13±16.65a 12.93±0.15a
CK 5.46±0.14a 561.41±12.34b 381.91±15.34a 12.18±0.10b
伟科?702 WK702 KH 5.42±0.17a 603.17±13.67a 392.20±10.53a 12.85±0.09a
CK 5.52±0.15a 550.89±12.51b 389.99±10.14a 12.14±0.17b
7.5 农华?101 NH101 KH 7.11±0.19a 558.52±13.60a 367.22±11.94a 13.98±0.12a
CK 6.94±0.17a 514.99±10.94b 357.81±6.79a 13.07±0.14b
伟科?702 WK702 KH 6.82±0.16a 539.74±15.67a 374.08±9.72a 13.84±0.11a
CK 6.96±0.10a 507.53±13.85a 368.40±8.14a 13.07±0.19b
9 农华?101 NH101 KH 8.44±0.11a 508.79±10.61a 335.23±11.01a 13.80±0.14a
CK 8.47±0.13a 454.48±12.93b 322.95±10.64a 13.05±0.16b
伟科?702 WK702 KH 8.37±0.18a 486.51±11.14a 340.45±9.54a 13.70±0.08a
CK 8.49±0.17a 431.99±10.68b 330.89±9.83a 13.02±0.17b
??数据为平均值±标准偏差。数据后不同小写字母表示同年、同密度、相同品种下不同处理间差异达0.05显著水平。The values are means ± S.D. Different letters show significant differences at 0.05 probability level between KH and CK treatments for the same variety at the same year and density.


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表2扩行缩株(KH)和常规(CK)种植模式下春玉米产量方差分析
Table2.Variance analysis results of spring corn yield under planting pattern of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage (KH) and conventional pattern (CK)
源?Source KH CK
F P F P
品种?Variety (A) 7.171 0.013 0.312 0.582
种植密度?Plant density (B) 105.421 0.008 103.051 0.009
年份?Year (C) 270.858 0.003 259.914 0.005
A × B 0.479 0.625 0.115 0.892
A × C 1.028 0.321 0.039 0.845
B × C 0.152 0.860 2.354 0.117
A × B × C 0.209 0.813 0.112 0.894


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表3扩行缩株(KH)和常规(CK)种植模式下春玉米叶面积指数
Table3.Leaf area index of spring corn under planting pattern of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage (KH) and conventional pattern (CK)
年份
Year		 种植密度
Plant density
(×104 plants·hm-2)		 品种
Variety		 种植模式
Planting pattern		 叶面积指数?Leaf area index
吐丝期?Silking 乳熟期?Milking 完熟期?Maturity
2015 6 农华?101 NH101 KH 4.56±0.16a 4.55±0.14a 2.71±0.08a
CK 4.66±0.11a 4.21±0.19b 2.37±0.10b
伟科?702 WK702 KH 5.09±0.10a 5.08±0.10a 2.95±0.13a
CK 5.14±0.08a 4.46±0.16b 2.55±0.14b
7.5 农华?101 NH101 KH 5.36±0.12a 5.15±0.14a 3.04±0.12a
CK 5.39±0.14a 4.53±0.11b 2.36±0.14b
伟科?702 WK702 KH 6.19±0.12a 5.94±0.20a 3.44±0.10a
CK 6.05±0.12a 5.33±0.12b 2.65±0.16b
9 农华?101 NH101 KH 6.43±0.16a 6.06±0.21a 3.38±0.10a
CK 6.58±0.10a 5.46±0.13b 2.77±0.14b
伟科?702 WK702 KH 7.29±0.11a 6.86±0.21a 3.65±0.10a
CK 7.35±0.09a 6.26±0.20b 3.11±0.12b
2016 6 农华?101 NH101 KH 4.34±0.07a 4.26±0.10a 1.25±0.15a
CK 4.38±0.13a 3.83±0.09b 1.04±0.13a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 4.77±0.15a 4.64±0.11a 1.28±0.08a
CK 4.96±0.17a 4.28±0.17b 1.12±0.06a
7.5 农华?101 NH101 KH 5.20±0.19a 4.90±0.18a 1.33±0.09a
CK 5.24±0.17a 4.41±0.12b 1.17±0.04a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 5.70±0.07a 5.51±0.21a 1.49±0.15a
CK 5.56±0.11a 4.76±0.14b 1.25±0.09a
9 农华?101 NH101 KH 5.63±0.14a 5.24±0.11a 1.41±0.10a
CK 5.76±0.11a 4.77±0.12b 1.26±0.08a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 6.32±0.18b 5.81±0.21a 1.56±0.12a
CK 6.65±0.10a 5.38±0.15b 1.39±0.14a
??数据为平均值±标准偏差。数据后不同小写字母表示同年、同密度、相同品种下不同处理间差异达0.05显著水平。The values are means ± S.D. Different letters show significant differences at 0.05 probability level between KH and CK treatments for the same variety at the same year and density.


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表4扩行缩株(KH)和常规(CK)种植模式下春玉米叶面积指数方差分析
Table4.Variance analysis results of spring corn leaf area under planting pattern of line spacing expansion and row spacing shrinkage (KH) and conventional pattern (CK)
源Source KH CK
吐丝期Silking 乳熟期Milking 完熟期Maturing 吐丝期Silking 乳熟期Milking 完熟期Maturity
F P F P F P F P F P F P
品种?Variety (A) 753.608 0.004 182.430 0.012 5.003 0.089 49.704 0.002 120.180 0.025 8.566 0.043
种植密度?Plant density (B) 231.147 0.002 148.187 0.005 40.284 0.004 377.703 0.009 106.718 0.000 30.622 0.013
年份?Year (C) 331.460 0.003 55.087 0.018 371.247 0.003 23.915 0.039 68.251 0.014 445.530 0.002
A × B 1.719 0.211 1.507 0.252 0.044 0.957 3.841 0.079 1.918 0.179 0.548 0.589
A × C 18.399 0.013 4.225 0.109 0.211 0.670 0.052 0.830 2.696 0.176 0.259 0.638
B × C 8.956 0.003 9.049 0.002 27.522 0.003 9.317 0.002 4.975 0.021 11.012 0.002
A × B × C 0.269 0.768 0.033 0.968 1.481 0.257 1.958 0.174 2.139 0.150 0.645 0.538


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表5扩行缩株(KH)和常规(CK)种植模式下春玉米茎叶夹角
Table5.Stem-leaf angles of spring corn under planting pattern of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage (KH) and conventional pattern (CK)
年份
Year		 种植密度
Plant density
(×104 plants·hm-2)		 品种
Variety		 种植模式
Planting pattern		 茎叶夹角?Stem-leaf angle (°)
上部叶片
Top leaves		 中部叶片
Middle leaves		 下部叶片
Lower leaves
2015 6 农华?101 NH101 KH 12.96±1.02a 21.73±1.54a 22.40±2.14a
CK 14.55±1.34a 19.40±1.74a 21.10±1.05a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 13.25±1.05a 25.47±2.06a 31.80±2.81a
CK 14.60±1.12a 24.33±2.14a 30.00±1.76a
7.5 农华?101 NH101 KH 10.92±0.94b 18.93±1.48a 21.20±1.40a
CK 13.54±1.34a 16.73±1.73a 20.65±1.34a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 11.06±1.41b 24.80±2.04a 26.40±2.01a
CK 14.10±1.32a 22.67±2.41a 26.05±1.34a
9 农华?101 NH101 KH 9.61±0.97b 16.67±1.64a 19.90±2.07a
CK 13.14±1.74a 15.53±1.54a 18.10±1.62a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 10.41±0.86b 24.20±2.04a 25.10±2.17a
CK 13.92±1.51a 21.33±1.39a 23.42±1.54a
2016 6 农华?101 NH101 KH 12.37±1.17a 20.00±1.87a 21.72±1.04a
CK 14.40±1.24a 16.89±2.01a 18.67±1.67a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 13.02±1.32a 22.78±2.14a 27.00±2.31a
CK 15.13±1.52a 20.89±2.06a 26.00±2.04a
7.5 农华?101 NH101 KH 10.13±0.98b 16.22±1.05a 18.33±1.08a
CK 13.47±1.49a 15.56±0.54a 17.89±1.38a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 10.98±1.04b 21.89±1.07a 25.78±1.49a
CK 15.07±1.43a 21.78±1.48a 22.78±1.37a
9 农华?101 NH101 KH 9.15±1.12b 15.52±0.99a 17.33±1.92a
CK 12.67±1.20a 14.33±1.17a 17.22±1.09a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 10.03±1.41b 20.78±1.65a 24.22±2.16a
CK 13.99±1.07a 19.22±1.08a 23.67±1.07a
??数据为平均值±标准偏差。数据后不同小写字母表示同年、同密度、相同品种下不同处理间差异达0.05显著水平。The values are means ± S.D. Different letters show significant differences at 0.05 probability level between KH and CK treatments for the same variety at the same year and density.


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表6扩行缩株(KH)和常规(CK)种植模式下春玉米叶向值
Table6.Leaf orientation values of spring corn under planting pattern of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage (KH) and conventional pattern (CK)
年份
Year		 种植密度
Plant density
(×104 plants·hm-2)		 品种
Variety		 种植模式
Planting pattern		 叶向值?Leaf orientation value
上部叶片
Top leaves		 中部叶片
Middle leaves		 下部叶片
Lower leaves
2015 6 农华101 NH101 KH 56.51±2.11a 48.06±1.47a 44.06±2.14a
CK 53.24±2.24a 49.60±1.82a 46.73±2.03a
伟科702 WK702 KH 55.95±1.94a 46.45±2.06a 43.09±1.94a
CK 52.09±3.71a 47.97±2.14a 46.27±2.34a
7.5 农华101 NH101 KH 62.35±2.50a 52.86±2.78a 46.88±2.76a
CK 55.35±2.64b 53.57±2.31a 51.96±2.03a
伟科702 WK702 KH 61.74±3.01a 51.93±1.54a 46.35±1.64a
CK 54.88±2.41b 54.63±2.94a 50.52±3.04a
9 农华101 NH101 KH 67.87±2.37a 53.95±1.74a 50.31±2.16a
CK 62.58±2.10b 56.08±3.20a 52.86±2.08a
伟科702 WK702 KH 66.42±2.91a 53.75±2.74a 50.44±3.08a
CK 60.73±2.74b 56.08±2.91a 53.87±2.94a
2016 6 农华101 NH101 KH 53.98±1.67a 45.45±2.41a 43.24±1.75a
CK 49.93±2.43a 46.73±2.04a 44.69±2.46a
伟科702 WK702 KH 53.43±2.86a 45.29±2.06a 43.18±2.04a
CK 49.44±2.12a 46.38±2.91a 44.62±2.61a
7.5 农华101 NH101 KH 60.75±2.41a 49.40±1.49a 47.61±2.75a
CK 53.64±2.14b 52.74±1.35a 51.51±2.14a
伟科702 WK702 KH 59.26±2.14a 48.86±2.05a 46.85±2.04a
CK 52.56±2.03b 51.14±2.40a 49.86±2.91a
9 农华101 NH101 KH 66.37±2.70a 55.83±2.94a 53.47±2.63a
CK 58.72±2.94b 57.72±2.60a 55.23±2.19a
伟科702 WK702 KH 65.61±3.09a 55.35±2.01a 50.48±1.87a
CK 58.58±2.10b 56.90±2.84a 52.67±1.95a
??数据为平均值±标准偏差。数据后不同小写字母表示同年、同密度、相同品种下不同处理间差异达0.05显著水平。The values are means ± S.D. Different letters show significant differences at 0.05 probability level between KH and CK treatments for the same variety at the same year and density.


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表7扩行缩株(KH)和常规(CK)种植模式下春玉米茎叶夹角、叶向值方差分析
Table7.Variance analysis results of stem-leaf angle and leaf orientation value of spring corn under planting pattern of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage (KH) and conventional pattern (CK)
分析指标
Analysis index		 源?Source KH CK
上部叶片
Top leaves		 中部叶片
Middle leaves		 下部叶片
Lower leaves		 上部叶片
Top leaves		 中部叶片
Middle leaves		 下部叶片
Lower leaves
F P F P F P F P F P F P
茎叶夹角
Stem-leaf angle		 品种?Variety (A) 14.752 0.018 60.516 0.002 193.222 0.005 7.595 0.041 451.854 0.006 76.109 0.001
种植密度?Plant density (B) 152.510 0.026 11.885 0.001 19.433 0.001 4.134 0.036 4.377 0.001 7.317 0.006
年份?Year (C) 6.840 0.120 15.639 0.058 6.035 0.133 0.261 0.660 35.686 0.067 18.711 0.080
A × B 0.649 0.536 3.161 0.070 0.515 0.607 0.746 0.490 0.369 0.697 1.534 0.246
A × C 1.497 0.288 0.814 0.418 0.004 0.952 8.993 0.070 1.089 0.356 0.047 0.839
B × C 0.002 0.998 0.088 0.916 0.374 0.694 0.900 0.426 0.557 0.584 1.684 0.217
A × B × C 0.378 0.691 0.267 0.769 3.452 0.057 1.350 0.287 0.068 0.935 0.297 0.747
叶向值
Leaf orientation value		 品种?Variety (A) 49.645 0.002 13.232 0.022 15.346 0.017 16.296 0.016 10.066 0.034 12.820 0.023
种植密度?Plant density (B) 1 263.662 0.008 1185.486 0.004 245.184 0.006 1 368.195 0.005 635.809 0.026 545.186 0.009
年份?Year (C) 128.986 0.008 146.758 0.007 6.767 0.121 40.033 0.024 44.597 0.022 1.857 0.306
A × B 0.861 0.441 1.328 0.293 0.989 0.394 0.221 0.805 0.183 0.834 3.344 0.061
A × C 0.055 0.827 2.096 0.221 3.405 0.139 1.881 0.242 0.703 0.449 5.512 0.079
B × C 4.529 0.028 111.945 0.031 3.897 0.042 5.201 0.018 4.916 0.022 11.903 0.001
A × B × C 1.454 0.263 3.187 0.068 4.355 0.071 2.040 0.163 1.221 0.321 9.171 0.082


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表8扩行缩株(KH)和常规(CK)种植模式下春玉米冠层透光率
Table8.Canopy transmittance rates of spring corn under planting pattern of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage (KH) and conventional pattern (CK)
年份
Year		 种植密度
Plant density (×104plants·hm-2)		 品种
Variety		 种植模式
Planting pattern		 吐丝期透光率
Transmittance rate at silking (%)		 乳熟期透光率
Transmittance rate at milking (%)
顶层
Top floor		 穗位层
Ear layer		 底层
Ground floor		 顶层
Top floor		 穗位层
Ear layer		 底层
Ground floor
2015 6 农华?101 NH101 KH 49.64±2.10a 29.92±1.02a 12.39±1.02a 54.62±1.23a 34.11±1.21a 15.04±1.02a
CK 45.34±1.84b 26.52±1.24b 10.05±1.03a 51.22±1.20b 31.44±1.34b 12.49±0.95b
伟科?702 WK702 KH 48.25±1.94a 28.49±1.36a 11.77±0.94a 54.37±1.94a 33.20±1.21a 14.11±1.20a
CK 45.04±1.86b 25.23±1.04b 9.31±0.91a 51.18±1.70b 30.84±1.61b 11.89±1.03b
7.5 农华?101 NH101 KH 46.68±1.93a 24.25±1.47a 8.74±1.01a 50.12±1.74a 29.75±1.51a 12.75±1.24a
CK 41.83±1.70b 19.20±1.94b 7.27±0.84a 45.92±1.62b 24.93±1.37b 10.69±1.19a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 45.58±1.83a 23.59±1.80a 8.23±0.86a 49.92±1.54a 28.56±1.39a 11.89±1.51a
CK 40.90±1.79b 18.59±1.76b 7.02±0.92a 45.73±1.21b 23.85±1.84b 9.84±1.32a
9 农华?101 NH101 KH 37.99±2.04a 17.82±1.06a 6.85±0.88a 41.41±1.32a 23.36±1.04a 10.16±1.04a
CK 33.62±1.34b 13.09±1.11b 5.74±0.90a 37.49±1.27b 18.76±1.35b 8.20±1.07a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 36.51±1.94a 17.03±1.60a 6.19±0.84a 40.39±1.32a 22.56±1.47a 10.10±1.09a
CK 32.09±1.35b 12.48±1.31b 5.09±0.45a 37.05±1.75b 18.34±1.62b 8.11±0.98a
2016 6 农华?101 NH101 KH 49.84±2.01a 29.75±1.11a 12.38±0.98a 53.95±1.25a 34.25±1.51a 15.41±1.20a
CK 45.37±1.47b 26.27±1.24b 10.41±1.21a 50.54±1.34b 31.53±1.01b 12.91±1.10b
伟科?702 WK702 KH 48.48±2.03a 28.10±1.50a 12.08±1.42a 53.04±1.76a 33.30±1.23a 14.05±1.04a
CK 45.19±1.04b 24.87±1.23b 10.02±1.18a 50.11±1.09b 30.75±1.54b 11.77±1.11b
7.5 农华?101 NH101 KH 46.82±2.04a 24.28±1.23a 9.47±0.84a 50.05±2.10a 29.81±1.86a 12.79±0.79a
CK 41.94±1.54b 19.30±1.08b 7.84±0.74a 46.14±1.52b 24.84±1.45b 11.03±1.27a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 45.46±1.92a 23.77±1.68a 8.76±0.94a 49.72±1.86a 28.54±1.91a 12.16±1.24a
CK 41.41±1.34b 18.84±1.06b 7.23±0.86a 45.94±1.79b 23.74±1.42b 10.75±1.08a
9 农华?101 NH101 KH 38.04±1.66a 18.91±1.12a 6.95±0.67a 42.21±2.03a 23.43±1.51a 10.05±1.24a
CK 33.81±1.50b 14.20±1.21b 5.76±0.75a 38.50±1.01b 18.82±1.34b 8.73±0.76a
伟科?702 WK702 KH 36.76±1.09a 17.01±1.35a 6.30±0.81a 40.51±1.24a 22.74±1.05a 9.88±0.88a
CK 32.63±1.42b 12.65±1.26b 5.12±0.93a 37.11±1.36b 18.42±1.04b 8.20±0.96a
?数据为平均值±标准偏差。数据后不同小写字母表示同年、同密度、相同品种下不同处理间差异达0.05显著水平。The values are means ± S.D. Different letters show significant differences at 0.05 probability level between KH and CK treatments for the same variety at the same year and density.


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表9扩行缩株(KH)和常规(CK)种植模式下春玉米冠层透光率方差分析
Table9.Variance analysis results of canopy transmittance rate of spring corn under planting pattern of line-spacing expansion and row-spacing shrinkage (KH) and conventional pattern (CK)
源?Source KH CK
顶层?Top floor 穗位层?Ear layer 底层?Ground floor 顶层?Top floor 穗位层?Ear layer 底层?Ground floor
F P F P F P F P F P F P
品种?Variety (A) 19.898 0.011 7.838 0.049 12.357 0.025 9.154 0.039 33.285 0.005 8.129 0.046
种植密度?Plant density (B) 1 480.961 0.005 584.644 0.008 451.652 0.007 1 768.476 0.008 1 609.628 0.004 261.718 0.006
年份?Year (C) 0.532 0.542 1.278 0.376 5.797 0.138 4.613 0.165 0.372 0.604 2.580 0.249
A × B 0.072 0.931 2.386 0.124 0.149 0.863 3.533 0.054 1.722 0.210 0.150 0.862
B × C 0.003 0.987 0.949 0.385 0.018 0.901 0.320 0.602 0.769 0.430 3.838 0.297
A × C 0.109 0.897 0.822 0.457 1.211 0.324 0.240 0.790 2.254 0.137 0.878 0.435
A × B × C 0.134 0.875 0.879 0.434 0.245 0.786 0.063 0.939 0.818 0.459 0.401 0.676


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