The Influences of Different Nitrogen and Salt Levels Interactions on Fluorescence Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Processed Tomato Under Drip Irrigation
ZHANG JiFeng1,2, WANG ZhenHua,1,2, ZHANG JinZhu1, DOU YunQing1,2, HOU YuSheng11 College of Water & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang 2 Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production & Construction Group, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang
Abstract 【Objective】Xinjiang has the largest area of saline-alkali land and planting base of processed tomatoes in China. In this paper, a two-year experiment in Xinjiang was carried to study the effects of different soil salinity and nitrogen application rate on the growth, physiological, yield and quality of processed tomato, and to obtain the rational nitrogen application rate and soil salinity range of processed tomato suitable for planting saline land in Xinjiang, so as to provide a scientific theoretical basis and technical approach for expanding tomato planting area and rational nitrogen application in Xinjiang. 【Method】This study was carried out in the Key Experimental Base of Modern Water-saving Irrigation Corps of Shihezi University in 2017 and 2018. The local main tomato cultivar “3166” was taken as the experimental material. This experiment was set in four levels of soil salinity: 1.5, 4.0, 7.0 and 10.0 g·kg -1 and four levels of nitrogen: 201, 166, 131 and 96 kg N·hm -2 in 2017. Based on the experiment in 2017, a soil salinity of 10.0 g·kg -1 were removed and a soil salinity of 5.0 g·kg -1 and a nitrogen application rate of 0 were added in 2018. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, yield and quality of processed tomatoes were analyzed. 【Result】Our results indicated that under the interaction of nitrogen and soil salinity, the fluorescence parameter and yield of processed tomatoes showed a complex change. Firstly, most of the fluorescence parameters and yields were more dominated by soil salt than nitrogen. At the same nitrogen level, soil salinity of 7.0 g·kg -1 and 10.0 g·kg -1 inhibited the fluorescence index of processed tomatoes mostly. At low salinity level, medium and high nitrogen application of 166 kg N·hm -2 promoted the fluorescence index of processed tomatoes the most, followed by 201 kg N·hm -2, and the worst was 131 kg N·hm -2. At medium and high salt level, 96 kg N·hm -2 had the best promotion degree for processed tomato, followed by no nitrogen level. At the high salt application rate, low nitrogen treatment was better than the high nitrogen treatment to improve tomato yield. The fresh fruit yield of processed tomato was generally consistent with the law of “the higher the salt, the lower the yield”. The yield of low-nitrogen and high-salt treatment was significantly higher than other yields with same salinity levels of different nitrogen. Moreover, it was found that salinity had a stronger effect on tomato quality than nitrogen. Soluble solids, VC, soluble sugar and titratable acid increased gradually with the increase of soil salt content. The maximum sugar-acid ratio appeared in low salinity treatment. Moreover, it was found that salinity had a stronger effect on tomato quality than nitrogen, and the interaction between them had no significant effect on the quality of processed tomatoes. Summary by analysis, the reasonable range of nitrogen application and soil salinity content of processed tomato were obtained. 【Conclusion】In the soil with high salinity, the yield of processed tomatoes could be increased by applying a small amount of nitrogen. The reasonable range of nitrogen application and the range of soil salt content for the relative optimal yield and quality of processed tomatoes were N: 98.12-119.60 kg·hm -2, S: 3.57-5.58 g·kg -1. Keywords:processed tomato;drip irrigation under film;photosynthetic fluorescence parameters;yield;quality;optimal interval;nitrogen application;soil salinity
PDF (2628KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 张继峯, 王振华, 张金珠, 窦允清, 侯裕生. 滴灌下氮盐交互对加工番茄荧光特性及产量品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(5): 990-1003 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.05.011 ZHANG JiFeng, WANG ZhenHua, ZHANG JinZhu, DOU YunQing, HOU YuSheng. The Influences of Different Nitrogen and Salt Levels Interactions on Fluorescence Characteristics, Yield and Quality of Processed Tomato Under Drip Irrigation[J]. Scientia Acricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(5): 990-1003 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.05.011
Table 2 表2 表22017—2018年灌水施肥试验设计 Table 2Irrigation and fertilizer design of 2017-2018
年份 Year
生育时期 Growth stage
日期 Date (M-d)
灌水处理 Irrigation treatment
施肥处理 Fertilization treatment
灌水量 Irrigation volume (mm)
灌水次数 Irrigation frequency
氮素Nitrogen (g/pot)
磷酸一铵 NH4H2PO4 (g/pot)
氯化钾 KCl (g/pot)
施肥次数 Fertilization frequency
N1
N2
N3
N4
2017
苗期 Seedling period
05-03—05-31
50
1
0.60
0.49
0.39
0.28
0.67
0.67
1
开花坐果期 Blooming and fruit period
06-01—06-21
150
3
1.79
1.48
1.17
0.85
2
2
3
果实膨大期 Enlargement period
06-22—07-31
200
4
2.38
1.97
1.55
1.15
2.68
2.68
4
成熟期 Mature period
08-01—08-20
50
1
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
全生育期 The whole growth period
—
450
9
4.77
3.94
3.11
2.28
5.35
5.35
8
2018
苗期 Seedling period
04-30—05-27
50
1
0.60
0.49
0.39
0.28
0.67
0.67
1
开花坐果期 Blooming and fruit period
05-28—06-22
150
3
1.79
1.48
1.17
0.85
2
2
3
果实膨大期 Enlargement period
06-23—07-26
200
4
2.38
1.97
1.55
1.15
2.68
2.68
4
成熟期 Mature period
07-27—08-15
50
1
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
全生育期 The whole growth period
—
450
9
4.77
3.94
3.11
2.28
5.35
5.35
8
N application in 2018 increased N0 treatment capacity on the basis of that in 2017, that is N application capacity was 0 2018年施氮量在2017年基础上增加了N0处理量,即施氮量为0
Table 3 表3 表3土壤含盐量梯度设计 Table 3Soil salt content gradient design
2017
2018
处理 Treatment
土壤含盐量 Salt content (g·kg-1)
处理 Treatment
土壤含盐量 Salt content (g·kg-1)
CK
1.5
CK
1.5
S1
4.0
S1
4.0
S2
7.0
SS2
5.0
S3
10.0
SS3
7.0
The salt treatment in 2018 cancelled the original S3 (10 g·kg-1) treatment and added 5 g·kg-1 treatment (named SS2) on the basis of that in 2017, and the original S2 (7 g·kg-1) named SS3 in 2018 2018年的盐分处理在2017年的基础上取消了原来的S3(10 g·kg-1)处理,增加了5 g·kg-1处理,命名为SS2,将原来的S2(7 g·kg-1)在2018年命名为SS3
图例中的05-20、06-16、07-25、08-15分别为不同生育阶段的监测日期,即苗期、花果期、膨大期和成熟期。下同 Fig. 2Effects of nitrogen application rate and soil salinity on the fluorescence parameters of processed tomato in 2017
The 05-20, 06-16, 07-25, and 08-15 in the legend were the monitoring dates of different growth stages, namely the seedling period, the blooming and fruit period, the enlargement period and the mature period. The same as below
Fig.3Effects of nitrogen application rate and soil salinity on the fluorescence parameters of processed tomato in 2018 and the correlations of the fluorescence parameters
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