A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat in Dryland of Loess Plateau
MA DengKe1,2, YIN LiNa1,3, LIU YiJian3, YANG WenJia3, DENG XiPing1,3, WANG ShiWen,1,31 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources/State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 3 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi
Abstract 【Objective】 The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of nitrogen fertilizer (N) on winter wheat yield and the optimum N level under different planting conditions in the Loess Plateau.【Method】A total of 82 field studies were obtained through literature retrieval. The effects of N on yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat in different regions, annual mean temperature, annual precipitation and plough layer organic matter content in the Loess Plateau were compared by meta-analysis. Regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between yield and N application rate, water use efficiency and N application rate in each group. 【Result】 Compared with no N application, N application improved the yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau by 66.09% and 72.38%, respectively (P<0.05). The effect of N on yield was more prominent in the northwest than that in the southeast, and the effect of N on water use efficiency was more prominent in the southeast than in northwest. The yield of northwest reached the highest when the N application rate was 212 kg·hm -2, and the highest yield could be obtained by applying another 15 kg N·hm -2in southeast. The water use efficiency reached maximum at 232 kg N·hm -2 in northwest, while at 224 kg·hm -2 in southeast. The effects of N on yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat were more prominent in areas with average annual temperature ≤10℃. At the area of average temperature >10℃, yield and water use efficiency reached the maximum when N rates were 189 kg·hm -2 and 187 kg·hm -2, respectively. However, at the area of average temperature ≤10℃, yield and water use efficiency reached the maximum when N rates were 225 kg·hm -2 and 239 kg·hm -2, respectively. The effect of N on yield was prominent in areas of annual average precipitation ≤ 600 mm, while the change rate of water use efficiency was prominent in areas with annual precipitation >600 mm. The yield and water use efficiency reached the highest at 235 kg N·hm -2 and 244 kg N·hm -2 application rates in areas with annual precipitation <600 mm, while 235 kg·hm -2 and 250 kg·hm -2 in the area with annual precipitation >600 mm. The effect of N on yield and water use efficiency was prominent when the organic matter content in plough layer was ≤12 g·kg -1. Under the condition of topsoil organic matter >12 g·kg -1, the yield and water use efficiency tended to be highest when the N application rates were 163 kg·hm -2 and 175 kg·hm -2. The optimum N application rate was 226 kg·hm -2 when the topsoil organic matter content ≤12 g·kg -1.【Conclusion】 The optimum N application rates for high yield of winter wheat in the southeast and northwest were 227 kg·hm -2 and 212 kg·hm -2, respectively. The optimum N application rate was 188 kg·hm -2 in the area with average annual temperature >10℃, and 225 kg·hm -2 when average annual temperature ≤10℃. In the area with annual average precipitation >600 mm, the optimum N application rate was 250 kg·hm -2, and 235 kg·hm -2 when annual average precipitation ≤600 mm. The optimum N application rate was 226 kg·hm -2 under the topsoil organic matter content ≤12 g·kg -1, and 163 kg·hm -2 when the topsoil organic matter content >12 g·kg -1. Keywords:nitrogen fertilizer;winter wheat;yield;water use efficiency;meta-analysis
PDF (1381KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 马登科, 殷俐娜, 刘溢健, 杨文稼, 邓西平, 王仕稳. 施氮量对黄土高原旱地冬小麦产量和水分利用 效率影响的整合分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(3): 486-499 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.03.003 MA DengKe, YIN LiNa, LIU YiJian, YANG WenJia, DENG XiPing, WANG ShiWen. A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat in Dryland of Loess Plateau[J]. Scientia Acricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(3): 486-499 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.03.003
本研究所用数据来源于Web of Science和中国知网(CNKI),文献检索所用的关键词主要包括氮(nitrogen)、施氮(N application)、冬小麦(winter wheat)、产量(yield)、水分利用效率(water use efficiency)。所选用的文献必须满足以下标准:(1)试验地点属于黄土高原地区,试验材料为冬小麦;(2)试验为大田试验,冬小麦全生育期不进行灌溉;(3)试验必须包含相同条件下的对照和施氮处理,文献报道中至少包含产量和水分利用效率中的一项;(4)施氮处理中必须有明确的施氮量;(5)文献报道中应包括试验组和对照组的平均值。对文献中用图表形式报道的数据进行数字化,最后建立了1个共82篇文献、355个独立研究的数据集。各试验地点分布如图1所示。
Table 1 表1 表1氮肥对冬小麦产量和水分利用效率效应数据库配对试验组数/观测数分布 Table 1Paired experimental group number/observation number distribution of effects of nitrogen fertilizer on winter wheat yield and water use efficiency
分区 DA
年均温 AVT (℃)
年均降水AP (mm)
耕层有机质 TOM (g·kg-1)
西北NW
东南SE
≤10
>10
≤600
>600
≤12
>12
产量 Y
204/368
151/385
172/284
183/469
284/570
71/183
175/293
138/345
水分利用效率 WUE
155/291
53/125
140/234
68/182
167/339
41/77
125/199
73/157
DA:分区Distribution area;AVT:年均温Annual average temperature;AP:年均降水Annual precipitation;TOM:耕层有机质Topsoil organic matter;NW:西北Northwest;SE:东南Southeast;Y:产量Yield;WUE:水分利用效率Water use efficiency
n 值代表观测数。下同 Fig. 2Effect of nitrogen application on winter wheat yield (A) and water use efficiency (B) under different regions (b), different annual average temperature (c), different precipitation (d) and different topsoil organic matter content (e)
The value of n represents the number of observations used for the analysis. The same as below
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