Effects of chemical fertilizer reduction with organic fertilizer application under water deficit on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton
FENG Ke-Yun,1, WANG Ning,1,*, NAN Hong-Yu1, GAO Jian-Gang21Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China 2Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
Major Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province.17ZD2NA016-6 National Key Research and Development Program of China.2017YFD0201905 Youth Foundation Project of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences.2019GAAS38
Abstract Fixed position experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018, and split plot arrangement with the main treatment for full irrigation (W1) with irrigation amount was 4800 cubic meters per hectare and deficit irrigation (W2) was 2400 cubic meters per hectare, and the secondary treatment including treatments without fertilization (CK), single application of chemical fertilizer (CF), 75% chemical fertilizer with 25% organic fertilizer (M1), 50% chemical fertilizer with 50% organic fertilizer (M2), and 25% chemical fertilizer with 75% organic fertilizer (M3). The effects of chemical fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer application on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton were studied to provide theoretical basis for rational utilization of organic fertilizer and reduction of chemical fertilizer input under water deficit. Under deficit irrigation, leaf area index (LAI), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), above-ground dry matter accumulation and seed yield of cotton were all lower than that under full irrigation, while irrigation water productivity (IWP) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were higher. The chemical fertilizer reduction combined with application of organic fertilizer could effectively improve the LAI after the full squaring stage, improve Pn and Gs of cotton in all stage, promote the accumulation of vegetative and reproductive organs dry matter, improve its transfer to the reproductive organs, improve the IWP and seed yield, and also increase the moisture content of soil surface in the period of full boll stage and boll opening stage. The effects among different organic fertilizer treatments on LAI, Pn and seed yield were all presented as M1 > M2 > M3, and under the treatment of M1, the average seed cotton yield of two years increased compared with CF and CK by 6.9% and 62.1% respectively. Whereas, the effects under deficit irrigation were presented as M2 > M1 > M3, and the two years’ average seed yield increased by 19.9% and 79.3% respectively compared with CF and CK under M2. Chemical fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer application were beneficial to increase the yield of seed cotton under water deficit, and alleviate the influence of water deficit on cotton growth and development, M2 (50% fertilizer +50% organic fertilizer) was the best treatment. Keywords:cotton;water deficit;organic fertilizer;photosynthetic characteristics;yield
PDF (999KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 冯克云, 王宁, 南宏宇, 高建刚. 水分亏缺下化肥减量配施有机肥对棉花光合特性与产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(1): 125-137. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04077 FENG Ke-Yun, WANG Ning, NAN Hong-Yu, GAO Jian-Gang. Effects of chemical fertilizer reduction with organic fertilizer application under water deficit on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of cotton[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(1): 125-137. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04077
不同字母表示同一生育期不同施肥处理差异显著(P < 0.05)。FS: 盛蕾期; FF: 盛花期; EFB: 盛铃前期; FB: 盛铃期; LFB: 盛铃后期; BO: 吐絮期。CK: 不施肥; CF: 单施化肥; M1: 75%化肥+25%有机肥; M2: 50%化肥+50%有机肥; M3: 25%化肥+75%有机肥。W1: 充分灌溉4800 m3 hm-2; W2: 亏缺灌溉2400 m3 hm-2。 Fig. 2Effects of different irrigation and fertilizer treatments on leaf area index of cotton
Different letters in the same stage mean significant difference among different fertilizer treatments at P < 0.05. FS: full squaring stage; FF: full flowering stage; EFB: early stage of full boll; FB: full boll stage; LFB: later full boll stage; BO: boll opening stage. CK: no fertilizer; CF: single application of chemical fertilizer; M1: 75% chemical fertilizer + 25% organic fertilizer; M2: 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% organic fertilizer; M3: 25% chemical fertilizer + 75% organic fertilizer. W1: full irrigation with irrigation amount was 4800 m3 hm-2; W2: deficit irrigation with irrigation amount was 2400 m3 hm-2.
不同字母表示同一年份不同处理差异显著(P < 0.05)。处理同图2。 Fig. 4Effects of different treatments on cotton plant dry biomass
Different letters in the same year mean significant difference among different treatments at P < 0.05. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2.
Table 2 表2 表2不同灌溉量和施肥处理对棉花产量及构成因素的影响 Table 2Effects of different irrigation and fertilizer treatments on cotton yield and its components
灌溉 Irrigation
施肥 Fertilizer
单株铃数 Number of bolls
单铃重 Boll mass (g)
衣分 Lint percentage (%)
籽棉产量 Lint yield (kg hm-2)
2017
2018
2017
2018
2017
2018
2017
2018
W1
CK
3.9 d
4.5 e
5.6 b
5.9 b
41.2 a
41.4 a
2758.4 d
2939.7 d
CF
5.4 c
5.6 d
6.2 a
6.3 a
41.6 a
41.6 a
4285.3 c
4357.2 c
M1
6.2 a
6.7 a
6.3 a
6.5 a
41.5 a
41.9 a
4581.6 a
4662.5 a
M2
6.1 a
6.2 b
6.2 a
6.3 a
41.4 a
41.7 a
4417.3 b
4485.6 b
M3
5.7 b
5.9 c
6.2 a
6.2 a
41.5 a
41.5 a
4368.7 b
4405.7 b
W2
CK
3.5 e
3.7 d
5.5 b
5.6 b
42.7 a
42.6 a
2404.6 e
2513.5 e
CF
4.8 d
5.1 c
5.9 a
6.0 a
42.6 a
42.8 a
3625.3 d
3718.7 d
M1
5.5 b
5.7 b
6.1 a
6.1 a
42.5 a
42.5 a
4224.6 b
4273.8 b
M2
5.8 a
6.3 a
6.2 a
6.3 a
42.3 a
42.6 a
4396.8 a
4415.1 a
M3
5.3 c
5.6 b
6.1 a
6.0 a
42.5 a
42.4 a
4128.3 c
4187.4 c
灌水Irrigation (W)
**
**
ns
ns
**
**
**
**
施肥Fertilizer (F)
**
**
**
**
ns
ns
**
**
灌水×施肥W×F
**
**
ns
*
ns
ns
**
**
同列不同小写字母表示各处理间在0.05水平差异显著。*表示差异显著(P < 0.05), **表示差异极显著(P < 0.01), ns表示差异不显著(P > 0.05)。处理同图2。 Different lowercase letters in the same year mean significant difference among different treatments at the 0.05 level. * indicates significance (P < 0.05), ** indicates highly significance (P < 0.01), ns indicates no significance (P > 0.05). Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2.
不同字母表示同一年份不同处理差异显著(P < 0.05)。W表示灌水; F表示施肥; W×F表示灌水与施肥的交互作用。处理同图2。 Fig. 5Effect of different treatments on irrigation water productivity of cotton
Different letters in the same year mean significant difference among different treatments at P < 0.05. M: irrigation; F: fertilizer; W×F: interaction effects between irrigation and fertilizer. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2.
不同字母表示同一年份不同处理差异显著(P < 0.05)。FS: 盛蕾期; FF: 盛花期; EFB: 盛铃前期; FB: 盛铃期; BO:吐絮期。处理同图2。 Fig. 6Effect of different irrigation and fertilizer treatments on soil moisture
Different letters in the same year mean significant difference among different treatments at P < 0.05. FS: full squaring stage; FF: full flowering stage; EFB: early stage of full boll; FB: full boll stage; BO: boll opening stage. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2.
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