高健¹, 续晗¹, 姚安仁², 冯鲁煜¹, 姚春德¹
AuthorsHTML:高健¹, 续晗¹, 姚安仁², 冯鲁煜¹, 姚春德¹
AuthorsListE:Gao Jian¹, Xu Han¹, Yao Anren², Feng Luyu¹, Yao Chunde¹
AuthorsHTMLE:Gao Jian¹, Xu Han¹, Yao Anren², Feng Luyu¹, Yao Chunde¹
Unit:1. 天津大学内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室，天津 300072；2. 天津大学环境科学与工程学院，天津 300072
Unit_EngLish:1．State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
2．School of Environment Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Abstract_Chinese:内燃机中烈性爆震的发生会伴随着爆轰波的形成, 爆轰波形成后将在燃烧室密闭空间内反射汇聚, 并对燃烧室组件造成严重破坏．然而, 对于活塞破坏失效问题的研究一直无法深入．为了揭示密闭有限空间内爆轰波汇聚现象及其破坏机理, 设计了一套可以重复再现烈性爆震的爆轰容弹实验装置来进行探索研究．在余隙可变的锥顶型燃烧室内, 通过高能点火器强行引入一道爆轰波．研究表明, 爆轰波的行为会导致燃烧室内部压力分布极为不均, 并在活塞边缘和中心两处产生强烈汇聚．最后, 展示了受汇聚破坏的样本, 并进行了强度及能量计算, 进一步说明组件的破坏是由爆轰波汇聚导致的．
Abstract_English:Shock wave formed in internal combustion engines under severe knock will reflect and converge in close space，causing severe damage to combustion chamber parts. However，the research on the failure of piston has not yet gone deeper. In order to reveal such a convergence mechanism and its destruction effects in cone-roof close space，a constant volume detonation bomb，in which severe knock could recur，was designed to conduct this research. In bomb experiments，a detonation wave was forcibly introduced into a clearance-variable cone-roof combustion chamber by a high energy spark ignition. It is found that the behavior of shock waves can cause pressure maldistribution in the combustion chamber，in which the shock wave focusing always occurs in the central and edge regions. Finally，the research presents some samples of damaged combustion chamber parts. The strength and energy calculations are also carried out to further prove that the destruction of engine parts is caused by shock wave focusing.
Keyword_Chinese:烈性爆震; 能量汇聚; 爆轰波; 活塞破坏; 定容弹
Keywords_English:severe knock; energy convergence; shock wave; piston failure; constant volume bomb

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