摘要/Abstract
新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的大规模爆发导致全球性大面积人员感染甚至死亡, 严重影响了人们的正常生活. 全球化贸易和便捷交通极大加速了疫情的传播速度, 使疫情防控困难重重. 因此, 快速准确地诊断感染者和筛查无症状感染者有重要意义. 目前使用最广泛的SARS-CoV-2检测方法是逆转录聚合酶链式反应(Reverse Transcription- Polymerase Chain Reaction, RT-PCR), 但是存在样品储运繁琐、检测步骤复杂等问题, 需要专业人员和设备, 难以满足疫情常态化形势下快速、简便、高效、大规模检测的要求. 近年来, 随着纳米光子学的快速发展和纳米制备技术的不断完善, 基于纳米光子学技术检测生物标志物的研究已成为新的研究热点. 最新研究的利用纳米光子结构检测生物标志物新方法, 包括表面等离子共振(Surface Plasmon Resonance, SPR)、表面增强拉曼散射(Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering, SERS)、回音壁模式(Whispering Gallery Mode, WGM)与比色法, 特异性强、检测速度快、简单高效. 这些检测技术为高灵敏快速生物检测提供了新的平台. 本综述对近年来发展的纳米光子学生物检测技术进行了总结与概述, 阐述了纳米光子学检测生物标志物的机制, 并分析其用于SARS-CoV-2检测的可能性. 针对目前纳米光子结构制造困难的问题, 提出了利用纳米绿色印刷微纳制造技术大面积制备纳米光子结构的新思路, 为实现疫情的精准有效防控提供理论和技术基础.
关键词: 纳米光子学, 生物标志物检测, SARS-CoV-2, 纳米绿色印刷
The worldwide outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in the infection even death of people all over the world, which has gravely affected our daily life. Globalization of trade and convenient transportation immensely accelerate the propagation of the epidemic, which brings severe difficulties to prevent the epidemic. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis of infected persons and screening of asymptomatic persons play an important role. At present, the most widely used method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 is reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which still has some problems including complicated sample storage and transportation, complex operations and so on. These shortcomings cause the hindrances to achieve fast, simple, efficient diagnostic testing under the normalization of the epidemic. In the past few years, with the development of nanotechnology, bio-sensing methods based on nano photonics have become a research hotspot. Label-free optical methods have been widely explored for bio-sensing including virus detection, such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR), surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), whispering gallery mode (WGM) and colorimetry. These approaches offer available alternatives to improve the speed, sensitivity, and accuracy of optical bio-sensing, owing to the enhanced interaction between the nanostructure and the biomarkers. This review summarizes these nano photonics-based bio-sensing technologies for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the detection mechanism of biomarkers by nano photonics is explained, and the further development trends are discussed. In view of the difficulties in manufacturing nano photonics structures, a new strategy of large-area preparation of nano photonics structures using nano green printing technology is proposed, which provides theoretical and technical support for accurate and effective prevention and control of the epidemic diseases.
Key words: nano photonics, biomarkers detection, SARS-CoV-2, nano green printing
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