摘要/Abstract
肿瘤标志物是在恶性肿瘤细胞中过表达的一类蛋白质，能反映肿瘤的发生、发展，并能监测肿瘤治疗的效果.因此，癌症患者血清中的肿瘤标志物的分析对于癌症状态的监测具有重要意义.常见的前列腺肿瘤标志物包括前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）、前列腺特异性膜抗原（PSMA）、α-甲酰基辅酶A消旋酶（AMACR，P504S）、前列腺酸性磷酸酶（PAP）和钙磷脂结合蛋白3（ANXA3）等.基于对前列腺肿瘤标志物的相关研究，本综述简要介绍了前列腺癌肿瘤标志物的组成、生物功能和生理意义，重点归纳了前列腺癌特异性抗原和前列腺酸性磷酸酶的检测技术，总结了当前前列腺癌肿瘤标志物检测技术的不足，并展望了前列腺癌肿瘤标志物检测在临床应用中的前景.
关键词: 肿瘤标志物, 前列腺癌, 前列腺特异性抗原, 前列腺酸性磷酸酶, 检测方法学
The detection of tumor markers plays an important role in the screening, early diagnosis and treatment of high-risk cancer patients. Prostatic cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the male genitourinary system, and has an increasing trend in recent years. Its morbidity is generally influenced by region and ethnicity. The common clinical markers of prostate cancer include prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), alpha-formyl kievase A mesozyme (AMACR, P504S), prostate-acid phosphatase (PAP), and calcium phosphatidyl binding protein 3 (ANXA3). Most of these markers are composed of proteins or enzymes, which are produced by normal or cancerous prostate cells. Of these, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-acid phosphatase (PAP) are considered to be the most meaningful markers of the prostatic cancer. Detection of PSA is widely used in the early detection and monitoring of prostate cancer patients, while analysis of PAP is often used to detect advanced prostate cancer metastases and evaluate the therapeutic effect. Therefore, the analysis of PSA and PAP in the human serum is of great significance for the monitoring of disease status in clinical diagnosis and treatment. In this review the recent advances in the methodological study for detection of prostate cancer markers are reviewed along with the description of their structures and biological functions. The detection technologies of prostate-specific antigen and prostate acid phosphatase are emphatically introduced, which mainly contain colorimetric techniques, electrochemical methods, fluorescence methods and surface resonance plasmon techniques. On the basis of summarizing the research progress in this field in recent decades, the future development of prostate cancer marker analysis is prospected. This review is expected to provide a useful guidance for the study of prostate cancer markers.
Key words: cancer markers, prostate cancer, prostate-specific antigen, prostatic acid phosphatase, detection methododology
PDF全文下载地址:
点我下载PDF
