摘要/Abstract

由于具备独特的物理化学性质，氧化石墨烯已被广泛地应用于生命科学与人体健康等相关领域.然而，如何最大化地发挥氧化石墨烯的优势与特点，并克服其自身固有性质导致的生物不良效应，依然是当前面临的难题.为更好地了解该领域的研究现状，本文主要综述了近年来氧化石墨烯的表面化学调控和生物作用机理方面的最新研究进展.首先，简要介绍了氧化石墨烯的物理化学特性、典型的表面化学调控策略（氧化还原、羧基化、氨基化、有机小分子修饰、聚合物修饰、多肽/蛋白修饰、核酸修饰和纳米颗粒修饰），以及不同表面修饰引起的生物效应.继而，重点总结了氧化石墨烯表面修饰影响其生物效应的主要界面作用机理，包括蛋白冠形成、细胞膜损伤、膜受体作用与氧化应激损伤.最后，针对氧化石墨烯表面化学调控和生物效应与机理相关研究所面临的科学问题与挑战进行了展望.
关键词: 氧化石墨烯, 表面化学修饰, 纳米-生物界面, 作用机理, 生物效应
Due to the unique physicochemical properties, graphene oxide has been widely applied in material chemistry, biomedical science and life science. However, here is still a great challenge to maximize the advantages of graphene oxide and overcome the deleterious effects caused by its inherent properties. For a better understanding of current status in this research field, recent progress in surface chemical modifications of graphene oxide and interaction mechanisms at the nano-bio interface has been comprehensively reviewed. First, the physicochemical properties of graphene oxide and the representative strategies of surface chemical modifications will be briefly introduced, including oxidation and reduction, carboxylation, amination, small organic molecule modification, polymer modification, peptide/protein modification, nucleic acid modification and nanoparticle modification, as well as their potential roles in mediating the graphene oxide-resulted biological effects. Following, we will present the primary interaction mechanisms of pristine and surface-modified graphene oxide at the nano-bio interface, including the formation of protein corona, cell membrane damage, membrane receptor interaction and oxidative stress. Finally, the knowledge gaps and future challenges in this research field will be detailedly discussed.
Key words: graphene oxide, surface chemical modification, nano-bio interface, interaction mechanism, biological effect


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