摘要/Abstract
磷光软盐配合物是一种通过静电力和范德华力结合的带有相反电荷金属配合物的光电材料，它们的发射光谱通常由两个独立部分组成.与单组分磷光金属配合物相比，磷光软盐配合物含有更丰富的激发态，不同组分之间还存在能量传递过程.最近几年，磷光软盐配合物作为一类新兴的光电材料，在不同的光电领域表现出潜在的应用前景，并取得了一定的进展.本综述详细介绍了磷光软盐的合成与光物理性质，并对它们在有机发光二极管、生物成像、光动力治疗、电致发光变色等领域的应用进行了总结.
关键词: 软盐配合物, 静电力, 磷光, 光物理性质, 光电应用
Phosphorescent ion-paired complexes, which consist of two oppositely charged transition metal complexes with excellent photophysical properties, are called "soft salts" because of the soft nature of the ions. In recent decades, phosphorescent soft salt complexes have gained an increasing attention and this review aims to summarize the syntheses and photophysical properties of those complexes, and recent advances of them in different optoelectronic applications. Generally, phosphorescent soft salt complexes are synthesized via salt metathesis reactions between two oppositely charged organometallic components. By changing the chemical structure of ligands or the metal centers of the different ionic complexes, the photophysical properties of soft salt complexes can be easily regulated. Moreover, most of the soft salt complexes show concentration-dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectra due to the energy transfer between positive and negative ions. Thus, white light emission can be obtained by dissolving ion-paired complex consisting of two ionic components with blue and yellow emission in solution at certain concentration. Considering the excellent photophysical properties and easy tunability of phosphorescent soft salt complexes, the application of them in diverse optoelectronic fields, such as organic light emitting diodes, bioimaging, photodynamic therapy, electrochromic luminescence devices, and so on, have been explored. For example, Thompson and co-workers utilized iridium(III) complexes based phosphorescent soft salts to fabricate organic light emitting diodes for the first time. Our group have first developed soft salts based phosphorescent probes for ratiometric and lifetime imaging of pH and oxygen changes in living cells. In addition, we have found that soft salt complexes showed an enhanced singlet oxygen generation rate due to the efficient energy transfer between two ionic components, which has great potential to act as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cancer cells. Huang and co-workers have proposed a new strategy to design electrochromic luminescence materials based on soft salt complexes, which display tunable and reversible electrochromic luminescence. In summary, phosphorescent soft salt complexes possessing excellent photophysical properties show great potential in diverse optoelectronic applications.
Key words: soft salt complex, electrostatic interaction, phosphorescence, photophysical property, optoelectronic application
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