摘要/Abstract

红树植物生长于缺氧、酸性、含盐的热带和亚热带地区的潮间带, 生长环境的特殊性为红树来源真菌提供了特殊的宿主环境. 红树来源真菌独特的遗传背景和代谢途径使得其次级代谢产物具有结构新颖且类型多样、生物活性多样化等特点. 青霉属(Penicillium sp.)真菌分布广泛, 为红树来源真菌的一大类群, 能够代谢产生生物碱类、肽类、萜类及聚酮类等结构类型多样且新颖的代谢产物, 大多具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗菌和酶抑制剂等多种生物活性. 综述了2007~2020年, 从红树来源青霉属真菌中发现的276个新化合物, 介绍了其结构和生物活性, 以期为后续红树来源青霉属真菌新型天然药物的开发提供参考.
关键词: 红树, 青霉属真菌, 次级代谢产物, 生物活性
Mangrove plants grow in tropical and subtropical intertidal zones with acid, salt and oxygen deficit. The particularity of the growth environment provides a special host environment for mangrove fungi. The unique genetic background and metabolic pathway of mangrove-derived fungi make their secondary metabolites have novel structures and diverse biological activities. The genus of Penicillium is widely distributed, which is a large group of mangrove-derived fungi. It can produce metabolites with various structural types and novel structures such as alkaloids, peptides, terpenes, polyketones and other metabolites. Most of them have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, enzyme inhibitors and other bioactivities. The advances of the 276 natural products produced from mangrove-derived Penicillium in recent 14 years (from 2007 to 2020) are reviewed, in order to provide reference for the development of new natural drugs of mangrove Penicillium sp. fungi.
Key words: mangrove, Penicillium sp., secondary metabolite, bioactivity


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