摘要:水是人类生存和经济社会发展的重要基础资源, 在气候变化和人类活动的双重影响下, 陆地水循环发生了深刻变化。壤中流是水循环的重要环节, 径流过程的重要组成部分, 河湖水的重要补给来源, 对流域径流形成、水源涵养、养分运移等过程产生重要影响, 是水文学和土壤学及生态水文学的研究热点、难点与重要科学问题。文章分析发现1990—2020年中国壤中流的发文数量和被引频次均逐渐增多，研究方向主要集中在环境、工程、水资源以及农业等方面, 主题分布在紫色土、湿地、氮素等方面。壤中流形成的主要影响因素包括土壤、地形、植被、降雨等。壤中流的几种生态水文效应包括土壤养分运移效应、水土保持、径流调节、水文预报效应等。最后文章提出了目前壤中流研究中的一些局限性, 并对未来的研究重点进行了展望，为重要生态系统修复与水源涵养功能提升提供参考。
关键词:壤中流/
土壤/
降雨入渗/
生态水文效应
Abstract:Water is an important basic resource for human survival and economic and social development. However, the water cycle has undergone profound changes under the dual influence of climate change and human activities. Subsurface flow, a key part of the runoff process and a major replenishment source for rivers and lakes, has a critical impact on runoff formation, water conservation, and nutrient transport. The understanding of subsurface flow processes is an important and popular topic in the fields of hydrology, soil science, and ecohydrology, however, it is a complex scientific problem that is difficult to disentangle. In this article, it was found that from 1990 to 2020, the number citation frequency of published articles related to subsurface flow in China have gradually increased. The researches mainly focused on the environment, engineering, water resources, and agriculture, focusing on topics such as purplish soil, wetlands, and nitrogen. In addition, we analyzed the main factors affecting subsurface flow formation, including soil, topography, vegetation, rainfall, etc. Furthermore, we summarized several ecological and hydrological effects of interflow, including the soil nutrient transport effect, soil and water conservation, runoff regulation, and hydrological forecasting effect. Finally, we highlighted some limitations in current research on interflow and discussed future research priorities, ultimately providing an important scientific basis for crucial ecosystem restoration and water conservation improvements.
Key words:Subsurface flow/
Soil/
Rainfall infiltration/
Eco-hydrological effect
PDF全文下载地址:
http://www.ecoagri.ac.cn/article/exportPdf?id=7405936d-c752-4cb8-82d6-6975c26081a1
