摘要
摘要:诊断与修复国土空间关键区域是推进生态文明建设的必由之路。但目前我国站在“整体视角、系统治理、全域修复”的角度识别关键区域, 并加以保护的研究较为欠缺。本文选择典型生态型贫困区域太行山区唐县为研究区, 综合生境质量和生态服务价值确定生态质量, 进而确定生态源地, 运用最小累计阻力模型构建生态阻力面, 基于电路理论构建生态廊道及识别待修复关键区域, 并提出生态夹点区域优先保护、生态障碍点区域优先修复、生态断裂点区域加强维护、低生态质量区域提高生境质量防止破坏程度持续加深的修复建议。研究表明: 1) 2000年、2010年和2018年唐县遥感生态指数分别为0.57、0.64和0.56, 生态质量均处于良等, 生态质量为先上升后下降。2)综合3期生境质量和生态服务价值评价结果, 确定稳定性较好的生态源地共10处, 面积91.22 km², 占总面积的6.4%, 主要分布在研究区北部和西南部, 土地利用类型为林地和水域; 识别生态夹点区域15处, 生态障碍点区域42处, 生态断裂点区域28处, 低生态质量区域面积178 km², 约占全域总面积1/10。本文从整体连通性角度, 系统识别太行山区唐县国土空间修复关键区域, 并提出保护与修复措施, 为太行山区生态修复提供现实参考。
关键词:生态修复/
生境质量/
生态服务价值/
遥感生态指数/
MCR模型/
电路理论/
关键区域/
唐县
Abstract:Diagnosing and restoring key areas of territorial space is fundamental to promote the construction of ecological civilization. From the perspective of “holistic perspective, system governance and global restoration”, the identification of key areas and suggestions for restoration can make up for some deficiencies existing in current research. In this paper, Tang County, a typical eco-poverty area in Taihang Mountain, is selected as the research area. The ecological quality was determined by integrating habitat quality and ecological service value, and then determine the ecological patch with the best stability as the ecological source, the ecological resistance surface is constructed by using the minimum cumulative resistance model, the ecological corridor is constructed based on the circuit theory. In addition to the ecological pinch points, ecological obstacle points and ecological break points included in the existing studies, the low ecological key areas are supplemented to identify, which are obtained from the lowest grade patches extracted during ecological quality evaluation. Some suggestions were put forward, such as priority protection in ecological pinch area, priority restoration in ecological obstacle area, strengthening maintenance in ecological break area, and improving habitat quality in low ecological quality area to prevent further damage. Aiming at the ecological patches with high habitat quality and ecological service value, it is recommended that these patches should be ecologically protected by prohibiting the encroachment of non-ecological construction projects. For the key ecological areas where the land use types are woodland, grassland and farmland, it is recommended to plant plants adapted to the native environment to increase vegetation abundance, return farmland to forests, and return to grassland for ecological restoration. It is recommended to build culverts and tunnels for the smooth movement of organisms in the area of obstacles caused by the cutting effect of traffic roads. The distribution of low ecological quality areas is relatively scattered, so the degraded landscape during ecological restoration can be combined with the surrounding landscape to achieve the effect of improving ecological quality. In addition, attention should be paid to the environmental protection of rural residential areas and construction land. The restoration of construction land should actively respond to the rural revitalization strategy. It can develop sightseeing agriculture in some areas, control the development intensity of the southeast of the research area, and speed up the greening construction of villages. In this way, ecological restoration of low ecological quality areas will be carried out. The research showed that: The remote sensing ecological index of Tang County in 2000, 2010 and 2018 were 0.57, 0.64 and 0.56, respectively. The ecological quality was all in good grade, and the ecological quality increased firstly and then declined. We identified 10 of ecological sources with good stability, with an area of 91.22 km², accounting for 6.4% of the total area, which mainly distributed in the north and southwest of the study area. The land use types were forest land and water area. We also identified 15 of ecological pinch points, 42 of ecological barrier points and 28 of ecological break points, and the area of low ecological quality was 178 km², accounting for about 1/10 of the total area. From the perspective of overall connectivity, this study systematically identified the key areas of territorial space restoration in Tang County of Taihang Mountain, and put forward protection and restoration measures, which could provide a realistic reference for ecological restoration in Taihang Mountain.
Key words:Ecological restoration/
Habitat quality/
Ecological service value/
Remote sensing ecological index/
MCR model/
Circuit theory/
Key areas/
Tang County



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