摘要:生境质量评价对生物多样性保护有至关重要的作用，为探究未利用地开发对唐县生境质量的影响，本文运用InVEST模型中的Habitat Quality模块分析2000年、2007年和2016年河北省唐县未利用地开发前后的生境质量变化情况。研究表明：1）2000—2016年，未利用地开发方向主要以草地、林地和耕地为主，未利用地比例从100%（以2000年未利用地面积为基数）减少到33.70%，草地、林地和耕地比例从0分别增加到27.43%、21.30%和10.46%。2）唐县未利用地斑块所占景观面积比逐年减少，其平均斑块面积由开发前的94.73 hm2减少到开发后的6.15 hm2；林地、水域和草地所占景观面积比例增加。未利用地开发后均匀度指数和多样性指数都有所增加，各景观组分所占面积比例差异减小，生态系统稳定性提高。3）未利用地开发后，研究区生境质量明显提升，生境质量得分由2000年的0.09上升到2007年的0.28，2016年又上升到0.39。研究结果可以为制定合理的土地规划以及土地开发工作中的生境及生物多样性保护等提供科学依据。
关键词:InVEST模型/
唐县/
未利用地/
景观指数/
生境质量
Abstract:At present, habitat quality is under constant threat due to the impact of human activities. Therefore, it is particularly important to assess habitat quality status and trends. In this study, the Habitat Quality module of InVEST model was used to analyze the impact of unused land development on habitat quality in Tang County, China in 2000, 2007, and 2016. The results showed that 1) from 2000 to 2016, the development direction for unused land was mainly grassland, forest land, and cultivated land. The proportion of unused land decreased from 100% (based on the unused land area in 2000) to 33.70%, whereas the proportion of grassland, forest land, and cultivated land increased from 0% to 27.43%, 21.30%, and 10.46%, respectively. 2) The proportion of unused land patches in the landscape area of Tang County decreased year by year. The average patch area decreased from 94.73 hm2 before development to 6.15 hm2 after development, and the forest land, water area, and grassland proportions in the landscape area increased. Furthermore, the evenness and diversity indexes increased after the unused land was developed and ecosystem stability improved. 3) After the exploitation of unused land, the habitat quality in the study area significantly improved, and the habitat quality score increased from 0.09 in 2000 to 0.28 in 2007, and then to 0.39 in 2016. The habitat quality high value areas were mainly located in the middle of the study area and northwest of Qijiazuo Town, the southern part of Huangshikou Town and the northern part of Yangjiao Town. However, the habitat quality in Chuanli Town, Juncheng Town, and Luozhuang Town, and in the southern region was lower. This study analyzed the impact of unused land development on habitat quality, and the results provide a scientific basis for making reasonable land planning decisions and for protecting habitat and biodiversity during land development.
Key words:InVEST model/
Tang County/
Unused land/
Landscape index/
Habitat quality
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