氨水溶液同时吸收烟气中SO2和CO2的实验及模拟

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氨水溶液同时吸收烟气中SO₂和CO₂的实验及模拟

齐国杰, 王淑娟, 高巨宝, 刘今朝, 赵博, 禚玉群, 陈昌和

清华大学热能工程系, 热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室, 二氧化碳资源化利用与减排技术北京市重点实验室, 北京 100084

Simultaneous absorption of SO₂ and CO₂ from flue gas using aqueous ammonia

QI Guojie, WANG Shujuan, GAO Jubao, LIU Jinzhao, ZHAO Bo, ZHUO Yuqun, CHEN Changhe

Beijing Key Laboratory for CO₂ Utilization and Reduction Technology, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Thermal Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

摘要:

输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要燃煤电厂排放大量SO₂和CO₂等气态污染物，相应的减排技术研究十分必要。利用湿壁塔实验台对氨水溶液（质量分数为0.2%~7%）同时吸收SO₂和CO₂的传质特性进行了实验研究，并结合Aspen Plus速率模型分析了填料塔的吸收性能，对氨水溶液同时吸收SO₂和CO₂吸收系统的设计做了必要的探讨。实验结果表明：随着CO₂体积分数（5%~20%）的增加，SO₂选择性吸收因子有所降低，SO₂的传质系数变化较小且均高于CO₂的传质速率一个数量级；SO₂质量浓度（0~11428 mg/m³）和反应温度（20~80℃）的增加，对CO₂的吸收产生不利影响，氨水溶液趋向于选择性吸收SO₂。氨水溶液中SO₂负载量（SO₂在氨水溶液中相对NH₃的摩尔浓度）在0.1~0.4之间增加时，CO₂的传质系数大幅降低。氨水溶液质量分数增加对CO₂及SO₂的吸收传质均有利，选择性吸收因子降低，且实验值和模型计算值符合良好。采用同时吸收SO₂和CO₂的填料吸收塔，结合控制氨挥发的氨洗塔及用于SO₂负载控制的离子交换装置的吸收系统，可以实现污染物的有效脱除。

关键词 ：脱碳,脱硫,同时吸收,氨水,CO₂,SO₂

Abstract：Coal-fired power plants emit large quantities of SO₂ and CO₂, so more research is needed on SO₂ and CO₂ capture. Experimental tests were conducted in a wetted wall column system to analyze the simultaneous absorption of SO₂ and CO₂ using aqueous ammonia (weight percent, 0.2%-7%). The Aspen Plus RateSep model was then used to analyze the CO₂ and SO₂ mass transfer in the packed column to comprise the design of the ammonia based CO₂ and SO₂ absorption system. The experiments show that the SO₂ selectivity absorption factor decreases as the CO₂ volume concentration increases. The CO₂ volume concentration (5%-20%) has little effect on the SO₂ mass transfer and the SO₂ absorption rate is always an order of magnitude higher than that of CO₂. Increasing the SO₂ mass concentration and reaction temperature has a negative effect on the CO₂ absorption and the ammonia tends to selectively absorb the SO₂. When the SO₂ loading (mole concentration ratio between SO₂ and NH₃ in the aqueous ammonia solvent) increases from 0.1 to 0.4, the CO₂ mass transfer rate significantly decreases. Increasing the ammonia mass concentration improves the absorption of both CO₂ and SO₂ and the predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental data. Thus, the packed column combined with an ammonia scrubber to reduce the ammonia slip and a resin exchange device used to control the SO₂ loading can achieve simultaneous removal of CO₂ and SO₂.

Key words：CO₂ capture desulfuration simultaneous absorption ammonia CO₂ SO₂

收稿日期: 2012-08-25 出版日期: 2016-08-23

ZTFLH:

TK284.9

通讯作者:王淑娟,副教授,E-mail:wangshuj@tsinghua.edu.cnE-mail: wangshuj@tsinghua.edu.cn

引用本文:

齐国杰, 王淑娟, 高巨宝, 刘今朝, 赵博, 禚玉群, 陈昌和. 氨水溶液同时吸收烟气中SO₂和CO₂的实验及模拟[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 56(8): 885-892.
QI Guojie, WANG Shujuan, GAO Jubao, LIU Jinzhao, ZHAO Bo, ZHUO Yuqun, CHEN Changhe. Simultaneous absorption of SO₂ and CO₂ from flue gas using aqueous ammonia. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2016, 56(8): 885-892.

链接本文:

http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2016.25.030或 http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2016/V56/I8/885

图表:

图1 湿壁塔实验系统图

表1 氨水溶液同时吸收SO₂ 和CO₂ 的吸收塔模型参数

表2 CO₂ 体积分数对K_G,CO2 、K_G,SO2 和S 的影响

表3 SO₂ 质量浓度对K_G,CO2 、K_G,SO2 和S 的影响

表4 反应温度对K_G,CO2 、K_G,SO2 和S 的影响

图2 SO₂ 负载量对N_CO2 和K_G,CO2 的影响

表5 氨水质量分数对CO₂ 和SO₂ 传质性能的影响

图3 氨水质量分数对K_G,CO2 影响的实验及模拟对比

图4 氨水质量分数对S 影响的实验及模拟对比

图5 气相成分沿填料吸收塔高的摩尔分数

图6 CO₂ 和SO₂ 同时吸收系统流程

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