城市轨道交通PPP项目运营补贴测算

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清华大学辅仁网/2017-07-07

城市轨道交通PPP项目运营补贴测算

张智慧¹, 张剑寒^1,2

1. 清华大学建设管理系, 北京 100084;
2. 中国人民解放军空军工程设计研究局, 北京 100068

Operating subsidies for urban rail transit PPP projects

ZHANG Zhihui¹, ZHANG Jianhan^1,2

1. Department of Construction Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2. Air Force Engineering Design and Research Institute of PLA, Beijing 100068, China

摘要:

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摘要城市轨道交通（urban rail transit，URT，简称城轨）所具有的准经营性和准公共物品属性决定了政府和社会资本合作（public-private partnership，PPP）开发城轨项目具有一定的合理性。该文对采用PPP模式开发城轨项目进行分析，探讨开发城轨项目产生的外部效益与政府补贴之间的关系。在此基础上，参考政府指导性文件的要求，提出了城轨项目年度运营补贴的计算模型，对2012年北京地铁4号线政府运营补贴支出数额进行了测算；同时采用“有无对比法”，以2012年北京地铁4号线为例，对其外部效益进行了测算。结果表明：2012年北京地铁4号线政府运营补贴支出数额明显低于该项目同年各项外部效益之和，说明该项目的政府运营补贴合理。

关键词 ：城市轨道交通(URT),政府和社会资本合作(PPP),运营补贴,外部效益

Abstract：The basic features of urban rail transit (URT) such as the shared operational responsibilities and the partial public ownership determine the public-private partnership (PPP) mode for developing URT projects. In this paper, the use of the PPP mode to develop URT projects is analyzed to study the relationship between the external benefits and government subsidies on the URT. Government regulations were used to develop a model for URT annual operating subsidies that was used to predict the government operating subsidies for Beijing subway line 4 in 2012. Then, the "with and without methods" were used to analyze Beijing subway line 4 in 2012 to determine the external benefits of this project. The results show that the government operating subsidies for Beijing subway line 4 in 2012 were significantly lower than the external benefits and that the government operating subsidies for this project are reasonable.

Key words：urban rail transit (URT)public-private partnership (PPP)operational subsidies external benefits

收稿日期: 2015-07-02 出版日期: 2016-12-20

ZTFLH:

F572.88

引用本文:

张智慧, 张剑寒. 城市轨道交通PPP项目运营补贴测算[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2016, 56(12): 1327-1332.
ZHANG Zhihui, ZHANG Jianhan. Operating subsidies for urban rail transit PPP projects. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2016, 56(12): 1327-1332.

链接本文:

http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2016.25.046或 http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2016/V56/I12/1327

图表:

表1 城轨项目效益及其受益方

表2 北京地铁４号线项目基本情况

表３ 2012年北京地铁４号线运营补贴

表4 替代地面公交车辆运营产生的效益

表5 节约地面公交基础设施投资的效益

表6 节省出行时间产生的效益

表7 节约能源产生的效益

表8 减少交通事故、噪声和空气污染产生的效益

表9 2012年北京地铁4号线外部效益

图1　2012年北京地铁4号线外部效益构成图

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