Valuable element recovery of Fe and Al by reduction roasting of red mud and coal gangue
ZHANG Jiyuan1,, LIU Dandan1, GUO Xiaofang1, YAN Kezhou2,,, GUO Yanxia2 1.School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China 2.Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
Abstract:Red mud (RM) and coal gangue (CG) are typical aluminosilicate wastes. The synergistic reduction roasting of RM and CG has a wide application foreground in the recovery of Fe, Al and other valuable elements. In this paper, the effects of roasting temperature, roasting time and the mass ratio of RM and CG on the phase composition and the recovery of Fe, Al and other valuable elements were investigated by thermodynamic analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, x-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The results showed that aluminosilicate and iron-containing phases change regularly with the increasing roasting temperature. The phase transformation rule of kaolinite was “kaolinite - metakaolinite”; cancrinite is “cancrinite - gehlenite”, hydrogarnet was “hydrogarnet - calcium aluminum oxide”; and hematite changes in the order of “Fe2O3 (non-magnetic) - Fe3O4 (magnetic) - FeO (non-magnetic) - Fe (magnetic)”. The yield and the grade of iron concentrate were 15.6% and 55.6%, respectively, and the dissolution percentage of Al reached 73.5%, when the roasting temperature was 600 ℃ and the roasting time was 60 min at the RM/CG mass ratio of 7:3. Based on this, a process of “RM-CG reduction roasting-magnetic separation-acid leaching” was established to recovery Fe, Al and other valuable elements from RM and CG. Key words:aluminosilicate wastes/ red mud/ coal gangue/ reduction roasting/ phase transformation/ element recovery.
图1赤泥和煤矸石XRD图谱 Figure1.XRD patterns of red mud and coal gangue
图2赤泥-煤矸石协同还原焙烧-磁选-酸浸回收有价元素工艺流程 Figure2.Schematic diagram of elements recovery from RM-CG by reduction roasting-magnetic separation-acid leaching process
WANG S H, JIN H X, DENG Y, et al. Comprehensive utilization status of red mud in China: A critical review[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 289: 125-136.
[5]
PIETRZYK S E, KULCZYCKA J. Impact of landfilling of red mud waste on local environment: The case of Górka[J]. Gospodarkas Surowcami Mineralnymi, 2015, 31(2): 137-156. doi: 10.1515/gospo-2015-0013
BORRA C R, BLANPAIN B, PONTIKES Y, et al. Recovery of rare earths and other valuable metals from bauxite residue (red mud): a review[J]. Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy, 2016(4): 365-386.
YUAN S, ZHOU W T, HAN Y X, et al. Selective enrichment of iron particles from complex refractory hematite-goethite ore by coal-based reduction and magnetic separation[J]. Powder Technology, 2020, 367: 305-316. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.04.004
[15]
VAN WYLEN G J, SONNTAG R E, WYLEN G J. Fundamentals of classical thermodynamics[J]. New York:John Wiley and Sons Incorporation, 1973, 39(2): 561-617.
1.School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China 2.Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China Received Date: 2021-07-02 Accepted Date: 2021-09-06 Available Online: 2021-11-18 Keywords:aluminosilicate wastes/ red mud/ coal gangue/ reduction roasting/ phase transformation/ element recovery Abstract:Red mud (RM) and coal gangue (CG) are typical aluminosilicate wastes. The synergistic reduction roasting of RM and CG has a wide application foreground in the recovery of Fe, Al and other valuable elements. In this paper, the effects of roasting temperature, roasting time and the mass ratio of RM and CG on the phase composition and the recovery of Fe, Al and other valuable elements were investigated by thermodynamic analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, x-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The results showed that aluminosilicate and iron-containing phases change regularly with the increasing roasting temperature. The phase transformation rule of kaolinite was “kaolinite - metakaolinite”; cancrinite is “cancrinite - gehlenite”, hydrogarnet was “hydrogarnet - calcium aluminum oxide”; and hematite changes in the order of “Fe2O3 (non-magnetic) - Fe3O4 (magnetic) - FeO (non-magnetic) - Fe (magnetic)”. The yield and the grade of iron concentrate were 15.6% and 55.6%, respectively, and the dissolution percentage of Al reached 73.5%, when the roasting temperature was 600 ℃ and the roasting time was 60 min at the RM/CG mass ratio of 7:3. Based on this, a process of “RM-CG reduction roasting-magnetic separation-acid leaching” was established to recovery Fe, Al and other valuable elements from RM and CG.