Analysis of energy recovery and carbon neutrality for the Kakolanm?ki WWTP in Finland
HAO Xiaodi1,,, ZHAO Zicheng1, LI Ji1, LI Shuang2, JIANG Han2 1.Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre of Urban Design, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China 2.Beijing Capital Eco-Environment Protection Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China
Abstract:Sustainability is an orientation of future wastewater treatment, in which carbon-neutral operation plays a key role. Energy recovery has been achieved via combined heat and power (CHP) technology based on CH4 production by anaerobic digestion, and thermal energy recovery at some wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Northern Europe. The practical experience from the WWTP at Kakolanm?ki in Finland demonstrates that the plant can not only meet the strict effluent discharge standards but also achieve the goal of both energy and carbon neutrality via recovering thermal energy from the effluent and even become an energy factory by supplying heat and electricity to the society, up to 6.4 times the energy consumption of the plant. Among all the recovered energy including anaerobic digestion of excess sludge and solar energy, the thermal energy from the effluent has the maximal potential, up to almost 90% of the totally recovered energy, whereas anaerobic digestion plus combined heat and power (CHP) takes a share less than 10%. The recovered energy can not only make the plant achieve carbon-neutral (333% in the carbon-neutral efficiency) operation but also can produce a huge carbon sink, up to 24 931 t CO2-eq·a?1. The practical operation of the plant reveals that realizing carbon-neutral operation of WWTPs is achievable, and the key lies in recovering the thermal energy from the effluent. The case study of the Kakolanm?ki WWTP provides reference for exploring efficient energy recovery and realizing carbon neutral operation at WWTPs in China. Key words:carbon neutrality/ energy neutrality/ thermal energy/ water source heat pump/ energy factory/ carbon sink.
图1Kakolanm?ki厂污水处理工艺流程 Figure1.Wastewater treatment process of the Kakolanm?ki WWTP
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1.Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies, Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre of Urban Design, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China 2.Beijing Capital Eco-Environment Protection Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China Received Date: 2021-06-15 Accepted Date: 2021-09-07 Available Online: 2021-09-23 Keywords:carbon neutrality/ energy neutrality/ thermal energy/ water source heat pump/ energy factory/ carbon sink Abstract:Sustainability is an orientation of future wastewater treatment, in which carbon-neutral operation plays a key role. Energy recovery has been achieved via combined heat and power (CHP) technology based on CH4 production by anaerobic digestion, and thermal energy recovery at some wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Northern Europe. The practical experience from the WWTP at Kakolanm?ki in Finland demonstrates that the plant can not only meet the strict effluent discharge standards but also achieve the goal of both energy and carbon neutrality via recovering thermal energy from the effluent and even become an energy factory by supplying heat and electricity to the society, up to 6.4 times the energy consumption of the plant. Among all the recovered energy including anaerobic digestion of excess sludge and solar energy, the thermal energy from the effluent has the maximal potential, up to almost 90% of the totally recovered energy, whereas anaerobic digestion plus combined heat and power (CHP) takes a share less than 10%. The recovered energy can not only make the plant achieve carbon-neutral (333% in the carbon-neutral efficiency) operation but also can produce a huge carbon sink, up to 24 931 t CO2-eq·a?1. The practical operation of the plant reveals that realizing carbon-neutral operation of WWTPs is achievable, and the key lies in recovering the thermal energy from the effluent. The case study of the Kakolanm?ki WWTP provides reference for exploring efficient energy recovery and realizing carbon neutral operation at WWTPs in China.
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