黄远东^1,,
侯人玮¹,
崔鹏义¹
1.上海理工大学环境与建筑学院,上海 200093
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点资助项目（51536006）

Influence of roadside barriers on pollutant dispersion within street canyon

HUANG Yuandong^1,,
HOU Renwei¹,
CUI Pengyi¹
1.School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China

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摘要:采用数值模拟，研究不同风向角α (α=0°、45°、90°)及道路屏障位置(中间单路障和两侧双路障)对街道峡谷内机动车尾气污染物扩散的影响。数值模拟采用标准 k-ε 湍流模型且Sct选择0.3时，计算结果与风洞实验结果较好吻合。结果表明，2种路障布置方式可有效降低人行道内污染物浓度，特别是，当α=45°时，污染物浓度最多可降低46.23%。同时，风向角α对街道峡谷内污染物扩散影响较大。当 α=90°时，空气流通不良使得污染程度最为严重，且污染集中在背风侧近地面。单路障比双路障布置对污染物扩散影响更大，前者使污染物主要集中在街道中心背风侧，其他位置浓度明显降低；双路障时仅在一定范围内改善人行道内空气品质，但对街道整体污染物分布影响不大。
关键词: 道路路障/
风向角/
污染物扩散/
街道峡谷/
数值模拟

Abstract:This study has been investigated the effects of different road barrier arrangements (one central roadside barrier and two eccentric roadside barriers) and wind directions (α=0°, 45°, 90°) on vehicle exhaust pollutant dispersion in street canyon numerically. The numerical simulations use the standard k-ε turbulence model with Sct=0.3, results of which agreed well with the wind-tunnel experiments. It shows that two kinds of barriers arrangements can both effectively reduce the pollutant concentration in the footpath. Especially, the maximum reduction of 46.23% were found at α=45°. Meanwhile, the wind direction angle α has a great impact on pollutant dispersion in street canyon. When α=90°, the worst ventilation has caused the worst air pollution in street canyon, and pollution mainly concentrated in the leeward side near the ground. The central roadside barrier can affect the pollutant dispersion in street canyon more significantly than two eccentric roadside barriers, especially for the former the pollutant concentration increased sharply in the central leeward side of the street canyon, while obviously decreased at the other locations. However, for two eccentric roadside barriers, they only improve the air quality in the footpath, while the pollutant concentrations were hardly affected at the other locations.
Key words:roadside barrier/
wind direction/
pollutant dispersion/
street canyon/
numerical simulation.

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道路路障对街道峡谷内污染物扩散的影响

黄远东^1,,
侯人玮¹,
崔鹏义¹
1.上海理工大学环境与建筑学院,上海 200093
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点资助项目（51536006）
关键词: 道路路障/
风向角/
污染物扩散/
街道峡谷/
数值模拟
摘要:采用数值模拟，研究不同风向角α (α=0°、45°、90°)及道路屏障位置(中间单路障和两侧双路障)对街道峡谷内机动车尾气污染物扩散的影响。数值模拟采用标准 k-ε 湍流模型且Sct选择0.3时，计算结果与风洞实验结果较好吻合。结果表明，2种路障布置方式可有效降低人行道内污染物浓度，特别是，当α=45°时，污染物浓度最多可降低46.23%。同时，风向角α对街道峡谷内污染物扩散影响较大。当 α=90°时，空气流通不良使得污染程度最为严重，且污染集中在背风侧近地面。单路障比双路障布置对污染物扩散影响更大，前者使污染物主要集中在街道中心背风侧，其他位置浓度明显降低；双路障时仅在一定范围内改善人行道内空气品质，但对街道整体污染物分布影响不大。

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