丁艳华^1,,
颜胜华²
1.中南安全环境技术研究院股份有限公司，武汉 430071
2.武汉安洋科技有限责任公司，武汉 430071

Effect of ultrasound-enhanced tea saponin methods on removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils

DING Yanhua^1,,
YAN Shenghua²
1.Central-Southern Safety & Environmental Technology Institute Co.Ltd., Wuhan 430071, China
2.Wuhan Anyang Technology Co.Ltd., Wuhan 430071, China

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摘要:利用超声强化茶皂素修复土壤重金属，研究了淋洗剂浓度、淋洗方式及淋洗时间对土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的修复效果及修复前后土壤重金属的形态变化。结果表明：茶皂素对土壤Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的解吸率随着茶皂素浓度升高而增大，最大解吸率分别为48.60%、35.10%、28.10% 和45.60%。单独采用超声导致低解吸率，而超声辅助振荡能增加重金属的解吸率(26.3%~61.6%)并缩短达到平衡状态的时间。双常数方程和Elovich方程均能较好描述3种淋洗方式下重金属的解吸动力学过程，重金属的解吸过程是非均相扩散。超声辅助作用下可以活化土壤中的重金属，并通过振荡减少重金属的酸提取态和可还原态，从而减少重金属可迁移性和生物可利用性。
关键词: 超声/
茶皂素/
土壤重金属/
BCR形态分析

Abstract:Tea saponin chemical extraction technology in combination with ultrasound was used to remove heavy metals from contaminated soils. The effects of tea saponin concentration, leaching method and washing time on removal rates of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd from the contaminated soil and the changes in species of these four elements before and after extraction were investigated. The results showed the increasing removal rates of the four heavy metals with an increasing tea saponin concentration, and the maximum removal rates of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were 48.60%, 35.10%, 28.10% and 45.60%, respectively. The enhanced treatment by ultrasonic improved removal rate from 26.3% to 61.6% and shortened the time to equilibrium reaction. Kinetic reactions of the four heavy metals desorbed from contaminated soils under the different leaching methods were described by two-constant equation and Elovich equation. The desorption reactions of heavy metal were found to be the heterogeneous diffusion process. Heavy metals could be activated with the assistance of ultrasound, and then their bioavailability and mobility could be reduced with the decreased contents of acid-extractable and reducible heavy metals during the mechanical mixing.
Key words:ultrasound/
tea saponin/
soil heavy metal/
BCR speciation analysis.

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刊出日期:2018-03-22

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超声强化茶皂素对污染土壤中重金属去除效果的影响

丁艳华^1,,
颜胜华²
1.中南安全环境技术研究院股份有限公司，武汉 430071
2.武汉安洋科技有限责任公司，武汉 430071
基金项目:
关键词: 超声/
茶皂素/
土壤重金属/
BCR形态分析
摘要:利用超声强化茶皂素修复土壤重金属，研究了淋洗剂浓度、淋洗方式及淋洗时间对土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的修复效果及修复前后土壤重金属的形态变化。结果表明：茶皂素对土壤Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的解吸率随着茶皂素浓度升高而增大，最大解吸率分别为48.60%、35.10%、28.10% 和45.60%。单独采用超声导致低解吸率，而超声辅助振荡能增加重金属的解吸率(26.3%~61.6%)并缩短达到平衡状态的时间。双常数方程和Elovich方程均能较好描述3种淋洗方式下重金属的解吸动力学过程，重金属的解吸过程是非均相扩散。超声辅助作用下可以活化土壤中的重金属，并通过振荡减少重金属的酸提取态和可还原态，从而减少重金属可迁移性和生物可利用性。

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