摘要:稳态转换作为滨海生态系统的一种灾变现象，其过程伴随着生态系统质量下降和功能退化。深圳湾位于粤港澳大湾区的核心区域，深入理解其生态系统演化过程是进行适应性管理的重要前提。2014年于深圳湾福田红树林湿地获得4根岩芯沉积柱，通过分析沉积和生物地球化学指标（包括金属元素、营养盐、粒度和有机质指标），重建半个世纪以来深圳湾环境的历史变迁，揭示其生态系统发生的稳态转变过程。结果表明：稳态转换发生前（1954-1980），福田红树林沉积物中重金属、无机营养和有机物含量稳定增加，但处于较低水平；稳态转换发生后（1990-2014），深圳湾中污染输入增加，沉积物中重金属和营养盐含量发生明显变化，深圳湾生态系统质量持续下降。通过揭示深圳湾生态系统演变过程及其稳态转变的发生规律，为粤港澳大湾区生态系统修复和管理提供重要的理论依据和参考。



Abstract:Regime shifts, usually accompanied by a decline in ecosystem quality and functions, have proven to be ecological disasters for coastal ecosystems in recent years. Shenzhen Bay is located in the core area of the Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Great Bay, and a better understanding of its ecosystem evolution is crucial for appropriate nearshore environmental management. Four sediment cores were obtained in 2014 from the Futian mangrove wetland within the bay. Multiple sedimentary and biogeochemical proxies (including heavy metals, nutrients, grain size, and organic indicators) were analyzed to reconstruct the historical environmental changes and detect potential regime shifts in Shenzhen Bay over the past half century. The results indicate that the Futian mangrove ecosystem in Shenzhen Bay has experienced a significant shift in the early to mid-1980s. Before the shift (1954-1980), the concentrations of heavy metals, nutrients, and organic matters in core sediments stayed at low levels despite a slow increasing trend. After the shift (1990-2014), as the Shenzhen Bay received increasing pollution loadings, the concentration patterns of heavy metals and nutrients have significantly changed, resulting in a decline in ecosystem quality. The reconstructed evolution and regime shift revealed here provide scientific data for better ecosystem management and restoration strategies in the Great Bay Area.





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