摘要:景感生态学以可持续发展为目标，契合了新型城镇化和人居环境科学的思想，强调以人为本，关注人的感知与环境的关系，为理解城市景观与人群活动的关系提供了一个崭新的视角。基于景感生态学视角，对城市公园常见的景感要素进行归纳分类，探讨城市公园景感要素对不同人群活动的作用途径；然后选择厦门市滨海、滨湖、山体、老城区和文化等五类典型城市公园的代表作为研究对象，实证分析和比较五类公园景感要素组成和民众感知评价的差异，并以此尝试解释不同类型公园吸引不同人群（访客密度、访问时间）及其在公园活动方式上的差异。研究结果表明，公园景感要素通过多层次关联对人群活动产生作用，即景感要素作用影响人的感觉类型，产生多样景感效果，满足民众由愿景产生的需求，进而影响其活动意愿和方式；各景感要素综合作用，共同对公园活动产生影响；当公园景感要素承载的设计愿景与民众愿景产生共鸣，才能产生良好景感效果，促进游园人群活动热情；公园景感要素和人群活动的关系侧重体现暴露性的生态系统服务。该论文研究结果希望为深入研究城市公园服务人群机制拓展一个自然与人文融合的崭新视角，同时为城市公园设计和运营提供有效的科技支撑。



Abstract:Landsenses ecology aims at sustainable development, which is in line with the ideas of new urbanization and human settlements science. It emphasizes people-oriented, pays attention to the relationship between human perception and environment, and provides a new perspective for understanding the relationship between urban landscape and human activities. Urban park is an important public space for citizens' outdoor activities and an important component of urban ecosystem. Based on the perspective of landsenses ecology, the common landsense elements of urban parks were summarized and classified, and the ways that landsense elements of urban parks affected the activities of different groups of people were explored. Then the representative of five typical urban parks in Xiamen, such as coastal, lakeside, mountain, inner-city and cultural, were chosen as the research object. Through empirical analysis, the differences of the five types of parks in the composition of landsense elements and public perception were evaluated and compared, and the differences in the attraction of different types of parks to different groups of people (visitor density, visiting time) and activity differences in the parks were explained. The results showed that the main landsense elements affecting crowd activities of parks included: function type (function type, function diversity), park form (flat form and vertical form), climate conditions (temperature, humidity, and wind speed), environmental quality (atmospheric environment, acoustic environment, and water environment), landscape pattern (tree and shrub coverage rate, greening rate, and water proportion), accessibility (external accessibility, road network density), cultural science, etc. The landsense elements of parks affected people's activities through multi-level association, that was, the landsense elements affected people's feeling types, produced a variety of landsense effects, met people's needs generated by the vision, and then affected their willingness and ways of activities. Through comprehensive effect, the landsense elements can collectively influence people's activities in the park. Good landsense effects can be produced when the designed landsense elements resonated with the public's vision and meet their needs, which will further promote people's enthusiasm of activities in the park. The relationship between landsense elements of parks and crowd activities focused on the exposed ecosystem services. It was suggested to optimize landsense elements through landsense creation, to reasonably maintain and improve the vitality of parks, in order to provide sustainable ecosystem services for the public, and promote the construction of ecological civilization. The purpose of this paper is to expand a new perspective on the integration of nature and humanity for in-depth study of the mechanism of urban park service population, and provide effectively scientific and technological support for urban park design and operation.





PDF全文下载地址:

https://www.ecologica.cn/stxb/article/pdf/stxb202003230661