摘要:水源涵养功能是黄土高原丘陵区生态服务的主导功能，对保障该区域生态与社会经济的可持续发展具有重要作用。以定西市安定区为例，基于InVEST模型评估了2017年的水源涵养功能及其空间分布特征，并利用空间统计方法计算了水源涵养功能的冷热点和重要性分布格局。结果表明，该区2017年在栅格单元的水源涵养量介于0-364.541 mm之间，流域单位面积平均年水源涵养量36.37 m³/hm²，水源涵养总量为11900×10⁴ m³。其中，西河流域单位面积平均年水源涵养量最高，达54.64 m³/hm²，整个区域的水源涵养功能在空间分布上呈由西南向东北逐渐减少的特征。水源涵养功能的热点区域主要集中在南部地区，热点分布呈由西南至东北逐渐降低的分布格局；冷点区面积要高于热点区面积，非显著点面积占总面积的50%以上。水源涵养功能的高度重要区和极重要区面积占总面积的34.39%，主要分布在关川河流域；一般重要区和较重要区面积占总面积的40.59%，主要分布在海拔较低的称钩河和西河流域。通过对定西市安定区水源涵养功能及冷热点和重要性的空间分布特征分析，明确了生态保护与建设的重点区域，为黄土高原丘陵区的生态与社会经济发展提供决策依据。



Abstract:Water conservation function is the dominant function of ecological system services in the hilly region of Loess Plateau, and plays important roles in the sustainable development of ecological and social economy in this region. This study took Anding District in Dingxi City as an example to evaluate the water conservation function and its spatial distribution in 2017 by using InVEST model, and then this study calculated the cold and hot spots and presented spatial distribution pattern of the importance degree of water conservation function with spatially statistical methods. This study showed that the water annual conservation amount ranged from 0 to 364.541 mm per grid unit. The average annual water conservation amount in the watershed was 36.37 m³/hm², in which the average annual water conservation amount in the Xi River Basin was the highest with 54.64 m³/hm².The total water conservation capacity of the whole watershed was 11900×104 m³, and gradually decreased from the southwest areas to the northeast areas in the whole study region. This study also found that the hot spot region of water conservation function was mainly distributed in the southern areas, and gradually decreased from the southwest areas to the northeast areas. The area of cold spots was higher than that of hot spots and the area of non-significant spots accounted for more than 50% of the total area. This study further showed that the areas with highly important and extremely important degree for water conservation functions accounted for 34.39% of the total area, mainly distributing in the Guanchuan River basin, and the areas with general important and more important degree accounted for 40.59% of the total area, and these areas primarily distributed in the Chengou River and Xi River basin with relatively lower altitude. These results identified the key areas for ecological protection and construction in Anding District of Dingxi City, and provided a decision-making basis for the ecological, social and economic development in the hilly region of the loess plateau.





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