摘要:杜仲是我国重要的乡土经济林树种，其产业应用涉及医药、食品、保健、饲料、橡胶、化妆品及园林绿化等领域。预估杜仲在我国的潜在适生区分布，对杜仲资源保护、引种、精细化管护及可持续利用具有重要意义。利用601个杜仲地理分布点和24个环境变量数据，通过MaxEnt模型和空间分析技术预测杜仲潜在适生区分布及其生态特征，结果显示我国杜仲适生区等级可分为4级，其中高适生区38.01万km²，集中分布在大巴山中低山谷地区、川东平行低山岭谷区、鄂西高原-大类山中低山丘陵谷地区、武陵山中低山谷地区、雪峰山中低山区、川南黔北滇东喀斯特高原中山区以及浙闽中低山丘陵谷地地区。杜仲最适宜生长条件为年平均温度介于11-16℃、年均降水量介于700-1450 mm、温度季节性变化的标准差在820以下、海拔1400 m以下、坡度24°以下。



Abstract:Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. is an important native non-timber tree species. Its application in industry has been involved in medicine, food, health care, feedstuff, rubber, cosmetics, and landscaping. The estimation of E. ulmoides potential suitable distribution area is of highly importance, which would promote the resource protection, introduction, efficient tending and sustainable utilization. In this paper, to predict the potential suitable distribution area and the ecological characteristics of E. ulmoides in China, data of 601 geographical distribution points and 24 environmental variables were analyzed by the MaxEnt model and the spatial analysis technique. The suitable level of E. ulmoides in China could be divided into 4 grades. The highly suitable area reached to 380,100 km², which mainly distributed in the middle and low valleys in Daba mountain, the parallel ridge valleys in eastern Sichuan, the middle and low valleys in the western Hubei plateau and Dalei mountain, Wuling mountain and Xuefeng mountain, the Karst plateau and middle mountain in southern Sichuan, northern Guizhou and eastern Yunnan, and the low hills and valleys of Zhejiang and Fujian. The prediction of E. ulmoides optimum growth condition was the annual mean temperature of 11-16℃, the annual mean precipitation of 700-1450 mm, the temperature seasonality less than 820, the altitude below 1400 m and the slope below 24°.





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